'Ye gods, I said, what a paragon, if he has only one other slight addition.' 這句話帶點**古風、感嘆、半開玩笑**的語氣，可以這樣理解與翻譯： > **“Ye gods, I said, what a paragon, if he has only one other slight addition.”** **自然的中文翻譯：** > **「天哪，我說，這人簡直是個完美典範——要是他再多一點點什麼就更完美了。」** 或稍微文學一點： > **「諸神在上！我說，這真是一位楷模，只消再添上一點點，他便無可挑剔了。」** --- ### 語氣與用詞拆解 * **Ye gods** 很老派、戲劇化的感嘆語，相當於 「天哪」「老天爺啊」「諸神在上」 有點誇張、不是字面宗教用法。 * **paragon** 指「典範、楷模、完美的代表」 常帶**讚美到近乎誇張**的意味。 * **if he has only one other slight addition** 表面是「如果他只有再加上一個小小的東西」， 實際語感常是： * 半認真 * 半挑剔 * 帶一點諷刺或幽默 「差那麼一點點就完美了」 --- ### 整體語感總結 這句話其實不是在貶人，而是那種： > **「哇，這人已經好到誇張了，只是還差那麼一丁點。」** 有點像中文的： * 「簡直完人了，就差一點點」 * 「幾乎完美，只欠東風」 'For those who are just entering are the advanced guard and lovers of the beauty, as he is thought to be, of the day, and he is likely to be not far off himself.' 這句話語氣偏**古典／哲學式英文**，結構也有點繞，我先給你一個**通順的中文翻譯** ，再簡單拆解意思。 --- ### 中文翻譯（自然、可讀） > **「因為那些剛剛進來的人，是先遣者，也是那位——人們所認為的——白晝之美的愛 慕者；而他本人，大概也離此不遠了。」** --- ### 稍微文學一點的版本 > **「方才進入的人，乃是先鋒與美之愛者——也就是人們所認為的那位白晝之美；而他 本人，想必已近在咫尺。」** --- ### 句子結構小拆解（幫你對準原意） * **For those who are just entering** → 「因為那些剛剛進來的人」 * **are the advanced guard** → 「是先遣者／前鋒」 * **and lovers of the beauty, as he is thought to be, of the day** → 「也是白晝之美的愛慕者（人們認為他正是那種美）」 *as he is thought to be* 插在中間，是補充說明，讓句子更繞。 * **and he is likely to be not far off himself** → 「而他本人也很可能就在不遠處」 --- ### 整體語感 這種句子很像： * 柏拉圖式對話 * 神話或寓言 * 哲學性敘述（「美」「白晝」「他」可能是象徵） 中文翻譯時，**不必硬照英文順序**，否則會非常彆扭；關鍵是把「先遣者 → 愛美者 → 主體將至」這條邏輯拉直。 Good catch — **both exist**, but **they’re not equally natural today**, and **context matters**. --- ## 1. The standard / modern form: **advance guard** **advance guard** (noun phrase) = the **vanguard / troops that go ahead** * This is the **original military term**. * Still the **preferred form** in modern dictionaries and usage. Examples: * *The advance guard reached the river first.* * *These thinkers were the advance guard of a new movement.* --- ## 2. **advanced guard** — why you see it **advanced guard** exists, but it’s **secondary / older / less standard**. Two reasons it appears: ### (1) Older or literary English Writers sometimes treated **advanced** as an adjective meaning “having moved forward.” So: * **advanced guard** = “a guard that has advanced” This shows up in: * 18th–19th century prose * philosophical or elevated writing (like the sentence you’re reading) ### (2) Adjectival reinterpretation People re-analyzed *advance* as a verb → *advanced* (past participle). --- ## 3. Which should *you* use? ### Use **advance guard** in modern English. | Context | Best choice | | ------------------- | ------------------------------- | | Modern writing | **advance guard** | | Military history | **advance guard** | | Metaphorical use | **advance guard** | | Old / literary text | **advanced guard** (acceptable) | --- ## 4. Bottom line * **advance guard** = correct, standard, idiomatic * **advanced guard** = understandable, but sounds **older / literary** * In your sentence, **advanced guard** fits the *classical tone* perfectly If you want, I can also explain **why English kept “advance guard” instead of “advancing guard”**, or compare it with **vanguard / forerunner /先锋**. "That he will, said Critias, and I can tell you that he is indeed a philosopher already, and also a considerable poet, not in his own opinion only, but in that of others." 這句話也是**古典哲學式英文**，結構清楚，但有點迂迴。我先給你一個**自然中文翻譯 **，再拆解語法與語氣。 --- ### 中文翻譯（自然可讀） > **「‘他一定會的，’克里提亞說，‘我可以告訴你，他已經是一位哲學家，而且也是 相當出色的詩人，不只是他自己這麼認為，別人也這麼認定。’」** --- ### 稍微文學一點的版本 > **「‘他一定會的，’克里提亞說，‘我可以向你保證，他如今已是哲學家，同時也是 相當傑出的詩人——這不僅是他自認如此，旁人也認可。’」** --- ### 句子拆解 1. **That he will, said Critias** → 「他一定會的，克里提亞說」 * “That he will” = “He will do that / He will succeed / That will happen ” * 常見於古典對話，簡短肯定回答前文某個問題或預言 2. **and I can tell you that he is indeed a philosopher already** → 「我可以告訴你，他已經是一位哲學家了」 3. **and also a considerable poet** → 「而且也是相當出色的詩人」 * **considerable** = 不容小覷的、相當有份量的 4. **not in his own opinion only, but in that of others** → 「不只是他自己這麼認為，別人也這麼認定」 * 用來強調**主觀與客觀都認可** --- ### 語氣與風格 * 語氣：帶點**說服 / 肯定 / 褒獎** * 風格：典型的**柏拉圖式對話或古典哲學敘述** * 關鍵概念： * “indeed” → 強調真實性 * “considerable poet” → 輕微誇讚 * “not in his own opinion only” → 指外界也認可，增加信服力 -- 荒漠甘泉英語朗讀 https://www.youtube.com/@longagoaudio143/playlists --

※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 220.136.206.5 (臺灣) ※ 文章網址: https://webptt.com/m.aspx?n=bbs/W-Philosophy/M.1769449040.A.3A4.html ※ 編輯: ostracize (220.136.206.5 臺灣), 01/27/2026 02:06:08