1.媒體來源: 英國每日郵報 2.完整新聞標題: Mind-boggling experiment suggests multiple realities can exist at the SAME TIME 令人難以置信的實驗表明，同一時間可能存在多種現實 3.完整新聞內文: In a new paper, researchers say they've proved that two realities can exist at once, at least when it comes to the quantum world. 在一篇新論文中，研究人員說他們已經證明了兩個現實可以同時存在，至少在量子世界中 是這樣。 To investigate their hypothesis, researchers at the Department of Experimental Physics at the University of Innsbruck in Austria tackled one of the world's most confounding thought experiments, called 'Wigner's Friend.' 為了研究他們的假設，奧地利因斯布魯克大學實驗物理系的研究人員解決了世界上最令人 困惑的思想實驗之一，稱為“維格納的朋友”。 The experiment, named after its progenitor, the Nobel Prize-winning physicist Eugene Wigner, was posited in 1961 and involves two people observing the same thing — in this case, a single photon. 該實驗以諾貝爾物理學獎得主尤金·維格納（Eugene Wigner）命名，於1961年被提出， 由兩個人觀察同一個光子。 When the photon is observed, it is displayed in either a horizontal or vertical state, but according to quantum mechanics, before that observation is made, it exists in a state of 'superposition' meaning that it is in both states at once — horizontal and vertical. 當觀察光子時，它會以水平或垂直狀態顯示，但根據量子力學，在進行觀察之前，它存在 於“疊加”狀態，意味著它同時處於兩種狀態:水平和垂直。 In Wigner's experiment, one person in a laboratory observes the photon, sending it to either a vertical or horizontal state, while Wigner, who is outside of the laboratory, runs a simple test called an 'interference experiment' to prove that the photon is still in a state of superposition. 在Wigner的實驗中，實驗室中的一個人觀察光子，將其發送成垂直或水平狀態，而在實驗 室外的Wigner則進行干涉實驗以證明光子仍然處於疊加狀態。 In the thought experiment, both observations, and therefore both the realities they represent, can be proven to be true simultaneously. 在思想實驗中，兩個觀察結果以及它們所代表的現實都可以同時被證明是真的。 While Wigner's Friend has long just been an intriguing thought experiment, advances in the field of quantum mechanics and physics have allowed researchers to put the theory to the test — and that's exactly what Massimiliano Proietti of Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh and colleagues have done. 雖然維格納的朋友長期以來只是一個有趣的思想實驗，但量子力學和物理學的進步使得研 究人員能夠對該理論進行測試 ，而這正是Massimiliano Proietti及其同事所做的。 Using six entangled photons - particles of light whose fates are tied together -- Proietti and colleagues were able to replicate the results of Wigner's Friend. 使用六個糾纏光子(命運連在一起的光粒子)，Proietti及其同事能夠複製維格納的朋友的 結果。 When observed, the photons existed in a state of polarization, but when tested using an interference experiments, it was concluded that photons still existed in a state of superposition. 當觀察時，光子以極化狀態存在，但是當使用干涉實驗測試時，結論是光子仍然以疊加狀 態存在。 The implications of the study not only confirm the long-discussed experiment, but challenge the foundation of how observations are made. 該研究的意義不僅證實了長期討論的實驗，而且挑戰瞭如何進行觀測的基礎。 'The scientific method relies on facts, established through repeated measurements and agreed upon universally, independently of who observed them,' say Proietti in the paper published in pre-print journal AirXiv. Proietti在預印本期刊AirXiv上發表的論文中說，科學方法依賴於事實，這些事實是通過 反覆測量建立的，並且是普遍認同的，與觀察者無關。 “在量子力學中，觀察的客觀性並不那麼明確。” However, if those facts can neither be proved right or wrong — or both — as Proietti's work posits, then science itself may have to change. 然而，如果這些事實既不能證明是正確的，也不是錯誤的 - 或兩者兼有 - 正如Proietti 的工作所假定的那樣，那麼科學本身可能必須改變。 https://tinyurl.com/y4s94w4w https://tinyurl.com/y6yhfwuc 影片 4.完整新聞連結 (或短網址): https://tinyurl.com/y55k3x4c 5.備註: 論文 https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.05080.pdf --

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