1.媒体来源: 英国每日邮报 2.完整新闻标题: Mind-boggling experiment suggests multiple realities can exist at the SAME TIME 令人难以置信的实验表明，同一时间可能存在多种现实 3.完整新闻内文: In a new paper, researchers say they've proved that two realities can exist at once, at least when it comes to the quantum world. 在一篇新论文中，研究人员说他们已经证明了两个现实可以同时存在，至少在量子世界中 是这样。 To investigate their hypothesis, researchers at the Department of Experimental Physics at the University of Innsbruck in Austria tackled one of the world's most confounding thought experiments, called 'Wigner's Friend.' 为了研究他们的假设，奥地利因斯布鲁克大学实验物理系的研究人员解决了世界上最令人 困惑的思想实验之一，称为“维格纳的朋友”。 The experiment, named after its progenitor, the Nobel Prize-winning physicist Eugene Wigner, was posited in 1961 and involves two people observing the same thing — in this case, a single photon. 该实验以诺贝尔物理学奖得主尤金·维格纳（Eugene Wigner）命名，於1961年被提出， 由两个人观察同一个光子。 When the photon is observed, it is displayed in either a horizontal or vertical state, but according to quantum mechanics, before that observation is made, it exists in a state of 'superposition' meaning that it is in both states at once — horizontal and vertical. 当观察光子时，它会以水平或垂直状态显示，但根据量子力学，在进行观察之前，它存在 於“叠加”状态，意味着它同时处於两种状态:水平和垂直。 In Wigner's experiment, one person in a laboratory observes the photon, sending it to either a vertical or horizontal state, while Wigner, who is outside of the laboratory, runs a simple test called an 'interference experiment' to prove that the photon is still in a state of superposition. 在Wigner的实验中，实验室中的一个人观察光子，将其发送成垂直或水平状态，而在实验 室外的Wigner则进行干涉实验以证明光子仍然处於叠加状态。 In the thought experiment, both observations, and therefore both the realities they represent, can be proven to be true simultaneously. 在思想实验中，两个观察结果以及它们所代表的现实都可以同时被证明是真的。 While Wigner's Friend has long just been an intriguing thought experiment, advances in the field of quantum mechanics and physics have allowed researchers to put the theory to the test — and that's exactly what Massimiliano Proietti of Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh and colleagues have done. 虽然维格纳的朋友长期以来只是一个有趣的思想实验，但量子力学和物理学的进步使得研 究人员能够对该理论进行测试 ，而这正是Massimiliano Proietti及其同事所做的。 Using six entangled photons - particles of light whose fates are tied together -- Proietti and colleagues were able to replicate the results of Wigner's Friend. 使用六个纠缠光子(命运连在一起的光粒子)，Proietti及其同事能够复制维格纳的朋友的 结果。 When observed, the photons existed in a state of polarization, but when tested using an interference experiments, it was concluded that photons still existed in a state of superposition. 当观察时，光子以极化状态存在，但是当使用干涉实验测试时，结论是光子仍然以叠加状 态存在。 The implications of the study not only confirm the long-discussed experiment, but challenge the foundation of how observations are made. 该研究的意义不仅证实了长期讨论的实验，而且挑战了如何进行观测的基础。 'The scientific method relies on facts, established through repeated measurements and agreed upon universally, independently of who observed them,' say Proietti in the paper published in pre-print journal AirXiv. Proietti在预印本期刊AirXiv上发表的论文中说，科学方法依赖於事实，这些事实是通过 反覆测量建立的，并且是普遍认同的，与观察者无关。 “在量子力学中，观察的客观性并不那麽明确。” However, if those facts can neither be proved right or wrong — or both — as Proietti's work posits, then science itself may have to change. 然而，如果这些事实既不能证明是正确的，也不是错误的 - 或两者兼有 - 正如Proietti 的工作所假定的那样，那麽科学本身可能必须改变。 https://tinyurl.com/y4s94w4w https://tinyurl.com/y6yhfwuc 影片 4.完整新闻连结 (或短网址): https://tinyurl.com/y55k3x4c 5.备注: 论文 https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.05080.pdf --

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