戴爾美語練功坊中高級寫作解析(11/10) 議論文寫作技巧分析 1. 何謂議論文? 議論文通常是作者針對某個爭議性的議題,社會現象,或是價值觀表達贊成 或反對的立場，寫作的目的在於陳述自己堅定的立場，進而說服讀者改變 原來的看法。 議論文屬於正式文體而非創意式寫作,以下幾點必須遵守： (1). 組織架構: 起承轉合，段落分明，有條有理 (2). 用字遣詞: 正式而不華麗 (3). 文章內容: 必須顧及正反兩方的觀點，言之有物 2. 議論文寫作模板 模板 1: I. 起首: 點出現象, 表達立場 II.發展 (1) 正面論點1. (2) 正面論點2. (3) 負面論點1+反駁 III.結尾 模板 2: I. 起首: 點出現象, 表達立場 II.發展 (1) 負面論點1+反駁 (2) 正面論點1. (3) 正面論點2. III.結尾 模板3: I. 起首: 點出現象, 表達立場 II.發展 (1) 負面論點1+反駁1 (2) 負面論點2+反駁2 (3) 負面論點3+反駁3 III.結尾 3. 議論文論點陳述 Thesis: eat proper herbs instead of taking medicine. 正面論點: 論點1. Herbs is also scientifically proven and does not have side effects. 論點2: Medicine also cannot treat serious illnesses if not diagnosed at an early stage. 反面論點: 論點1: People should trust medicine since it is effective and scientifically proven. 論點2: Serious illnesses such as HIV/AIDS and cancer cannot be treated without medicine. 4. 議論文切忌 (1) 情緒性論點 (2) 無關主題的例句 (3) 過於簡化的分析 (4) 以偏概全的言論 (5) 結論提出新議題 5. 實用句型 (1) 引言: 點出現象 In recent years, … Nowadays, … Over the past twenty years… There are more and more… (2) 贊成 I am for …. I agree with . . . Some people think They say… It's true that… (3) 反對 I oppose the idea that… I am against . . . I disagree. . . I object to . . . (4) 結論 Overall, … Having looked at both sides, … In conclusion, … By and large, …. In sum, …. To sum up, … [範文] Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Sometimes it is better not to tell the truth. Use specific reasons and details to support your answer. It goes without saying that being truthful and honest is important. However, in my opinion, telling the truth is not always necessary. First of all, you could hurt someone's feelings by telling the truth. For example, if you tell others that you don't like their appearance or behaviors, you may run the risk of losing friendship. In this case, it is not necessary to tell the truth. Besides, when rejecting someone's invitation, it is impolite and rude to express your unwillingness explicitly. In this case, people may have to tell white lies in order to retain their relationship with others. Secondly, telling the truth may cause complication and troubles sometimes. For instance, an employee who criticizes the company or the supervisors in public may lose his or her job one day. A worse situation is that you may get revenged if you offend someone by telling the truth. Finally, sometimes, not telling the truth could be the best answer. Assume that you are giving a surprise party for your friend, you don't want to tell him or her about it. Still, at other times, telling the truth could cause pain, such as, when an old person is told that his or her child is dead. To conclude, it is sometimes better not to tell the truth. Everyone must decide under which circumstances the truth should or should not be told and have good reasons for making that decision. --

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