: ※ 引述《noruas (〝猴子〞)》之銘言： : : [2] I didn't go to school because I was sick. : : 在沒有任何前後句的情況下-- : : 譯: 我沒去上學,因為我生病了. : 恕難同意。已經說過，要有您的意思嚴格來說必須加逗點。 : 關於這點，主要有兩派看法： : 1）無歧義派：認為唯一意思是 not because 之意。 : 2）有歧義派，包括本人：主要意思為 not because，其次才是您認為的意思。 : 待他日我再引用已出版的文法書的看法，並佐以更多網路上的語料。 : 此時我們只好 agree to disagree 了。 在此舉出三本著作支持我的論點。 （一） 《A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language》, Quirk et al, page 1077: Contrast the restrictive clause in [3a] with the nonrestrictive clauses in [3b] and [3c]: [3a] Raven didn't leave the party early because carol was there. ['Raven left the party early, not because Carol was there, but for some other reason.'] [3b] Raven didn't leave the party early, because carol was there. ['Raven didn't leave the party early, and the reason he didn't was that Carol was there.'] [3c] Because Carol was there, Raven didn't leave the party early. [3a] because 前無逗號，是限定用法，意思是 not because: 他提早離開，但不是因為她在場。 [3b] because 前加逗號，是非限定用法，意思和 [3c] 一樣： 他沒有提早離開，因為有她在。 （二） 《The American Heritage Guide to Contemporary Usage and Style》, 2005 because after negated verbs —————————————— When because follows a negated verb phrase, it must be preceded by a comma when the because clause explains why the event did not occur. They didn't want her on the committee, because she was so outspoken. means roughly "Her outspokenness was their reason for not wanting her on the committee." When there is no comma, the because clause is included in what is being negated. Thus （不加逗號時，because 子句落入 not 影響範圍內，成為否定意義 not because） They didn't want her on the committee because she was so outspoken. implies that they may in fact have wanted her on the committee but for some reason other than her outspokenness. （意思：not because） 以上提出的兩本文法或用法書，都屬於我前述的「無歧義派」，一致認為： 不加逗號時，「not V because ...」句型的意思為「V 動作發生，但原因不是...」。 （三） 《The New Fowler's Modern English Usage》, Burchfield because 條目下 ______________ Mr David Alton ... has told colleagues that he is very unlikely to accept a spokesmanship in the Social and Liberal Democrats because he profoundly disagrees with Mr Paddy Ashdown, the party's new leader. He did not go to South Africa because he loved the game of rugby. Examine both sentences for their ambiguity. （以上兩句話都各有歧義存在，意思不明） 第三本用法書，屬於前述的「有歧義派」，認為不加逗點的 「not V because ...」句型有歧義。 結論：如果仍不同意以上觀點，請指出具體且可信的出版物內容來支持以下的 反對觀點，即： 沒有逗點的「not V because ...」句型，在無前後文幫助消歧義的前提下， 且在句子意思沒有一面倒向唯一自然合理解釋的情況下， 只能有「V 動作沒發生，原因是...」的意思， 不能有「V 動作發生，但原因不是...」之意。 --

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