: ※ 引述《noruas (〝猴子〞)》之铭言： : : [2] I didn't go to school because I was sick. : : 在没有任何前後句的情况下-- : : 译: 我没去上学,因为我生病了. : 恕难同意。已经说过，要有您的意思严格来说必须加逗点。 : 关於这点，主要有两派看法： : 1）无歧义派：认为唯一意思是 not because 之意。 : 2）有歧义派，包括本人：主要意思为 not because，其次才是您认为的意思。 : 待他日我再引用已出版的文法书的看法，并佐以更多网路上的语料。 : 此时我们只好 agree to disagree 了。 在此举出三本着作支持我的论点。 （一） 《A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language》, Quirk et al, page 1077: Contrast the restrictive clause in [3a] with the nonrestrictive clauses in [3b] and [3c]: [3a] Raven didn't leave the party early because carol was there. ['Raven left the party early, not because Carol was there, but for some other reason.'] [3b] Raven didn't leave the party early, because carol was there. ['Raven didn't leave the party early, and the reason he didn't was that Carol was there.'] [3c] Because Carol was there, Raven didn't leave the party early. [3a] because 前无逗号，是限定用法，意思是 not because: 他提早离开，但不是因为她在场。 [3b] because 前加逗号，是非限定用法，意思和 [3c] 一样： 他没有提早离开，因为有她在。 （二） 《The American Heritage Guide to Contemporary Usage and Style》, 2005 because after negated verbs —————————————— When because follows a negated verb phrase, it must be preceded by a comma when the because clause explains why the event did not occur. They didn't want her on the committee, because she was so outspoken. means roughly "Her outspokenness was their reason for not wanting her on the committee." When there is no comma, the because clause is included in what is being negated. Thus （不加逗号时，because 子句落入 not 影响范围内，成为否定意义 not because） They didn't want her on the committee because she was so outspoken. implies that they may in fact have wanted her on the committee but for some reason other than her outspokenness. （意思：not because） 以上提出的两本文法或用法书，都属於我前述的「无歧义派」，一致认为： 不加逗号时，「not V because ...」句型的意思为「V 动作发生，但原因不是...」。 （三） 《The New Fowler's Modern English Usage》, Burchfield because 条目下 ______________ Mr David Alton ... has told colleagues that he is very unlikely to accept a spokesmanship in the Social and Liberal Democrats because he profoundly disagrees with Mr Paddy Ashdown, the party's new leader. He did not go to South Africa because he loved the game of rugby. Examine both sentences for their ambiguity. （以上两句话都各有歧义存在，意思不明） 第三本用法书，属於前述的「有歧义派」，认为不加逗点的 「not V because ...」句型有歧义。 结论：如果仍不同意以上观点，请指出具体且可信的出版物内容来支持以下的 反对观点，即： 没有逗点的「not V because ...」句型，在无前後文帮助消歧义的前提下， 且在句子意思没有一面倒向唯一自然合理解释的情况下， 只能有「V 动作没发生，原因是...」的意思， 不能有「V 动作发生，但原因不是...」之意。 --

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