※ [本文轉錄自 historia 看板] 作者: MRZ (LQY) 看板: historia 標題: 軍事史之史觀理論014 時間: Wed Mar 2 13:39:19 2005 The ‘Warfare, Economy, and Technology’ Problematique This particular complex of problems for governments and societies has, of course, a long historical existence, but it was the experience of the First World War, the first ‘total’ war that made it a central and much cultivated field of historical research. The nearly total mobilisation and organising of the industrial, financial, and labour resources of the war-waging states called for post-war studies in order to be fully mapped, comprehended, and evaluated. The Second World War enhanced the importance of this research field, which now gradually started to flourish with excellent scholarship, as exemplified by Alan S. Milward’s War, Economy, and Society, 1939–1945 (1977); the studies by Fritz Redlich (1964–1965) and Jan Glete (1993) of the ‘warfare, economy, and technology’ problematique as it could present itself in various pre-industrial contexts; and William McNeill’s attempt at a historical synthesis of the problematique (1983). 四﹑戰爭形態﹑經濟形態﹑與科技形態之三角問題 由於第一次世界大戰的爆發﹐人類在歷史上首次遭遇到了‘總體戰’的體驗﹐再加 上之前出現的政治和社會問題﹐使得軍史的研究重心逐步改變。由於戰時各國盡全 力的動員了所有的工業產能﹑財政支出﹑以及人力資源﹐目的只是單純追求一場勝 利﹔這種狀態在戰後形成了一種反思﹐新的史觀也逐步萌芽。二次世界大戰的爆發 更刺激了軍史研究的發展﹐於是出現了更為優秀的學說。比如說﹕亞蘭S米瓦德所寫 的‘戰爭﹑經濟﹑與社會﹐1939-1945(1977)’這本書﹔以及費理茲瑞德理希(1964- 1965)與江格勒特(1993)在研究工業革命之前的軍史時﹐所提出的‘戰爭形態﹑經濟 形態﹑與科技形態’三角問題的史觀﹔還有威廉麥尼爾在1983年對此史觀所提出的 問題﹐所作出的解答等等﹐都是這個時代最重要的史學成就之一。 -- LQY評注﹕三角關係可參考本站戰史版上的文章。 -- 萬物皆非主，唯曼尼大神，至聖之先知，亞當史密斯。 La ilaha ill money，Adam Smith rasula'Llah 榮耀歸於曼尼。自宇宙之初成﹐貫古今與未來﹐直至永恆不滅。喀鏘！（收銀機響聲） Gloria patri Money. Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper, et in saecula saeculorum.Ka-ching! --

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