課程名稱︰107-1 動物行為學 課程性質︰選修 課程教師︰李玲玲 開課學院：生命科學院 開課系所︰生態學及演化生物學研究所 考試日期（年月日）︰107/11/21 考試時限（分鐘）：180 試題 : 題目收回去了，憑印象列出僅具參考 1.解釋與比較名詞 (1) Proximate causes vs. Ultimate causes (2) Focal sampling vs. Scan sampling (3) Sensory exploitation vs. Ritualization (4) Dear enemy hypothesis vs. Threat-level hypothesis 2.簡答 (1) Outline the factors of helpers at different cooperative breeding nest type. (2) 解釋地松鼠覓食狀況圖表中，某*點的意義 (3) 畫出三張圖表： (a) Marginal value theorem (b) Marginal value theorem中，到同patch但不同traveling time的情況 (c) Marginal value theorem中，同traveling time但到資源高低兩patches的情況 3.問答 (1) One often hears that the reason why many species resolve their contest against mostly harmless signals is to reduce injuries and protect the adults needed to produce next generation of offspring. What's the problem of the hypothesis? (2) Some species' queen of colony mated once while some species' queen mated with several different males. If workers of these species have the ability to lay haploid eggs, what should workers do when living in two types of conlony headed by monogamous queen versus that headed by qween which has mated with two or more males? (3) It was observed that elk tended to form larger groups when foraging in the open area far away from forest. Some scientist interpret large group of elk as an antipredator response. However, other scientist noted that elk only aggregate on days when wolves are absent. When wolves presense, elk tends to be small herds. What alternative hypothesis will you propose to explain why elk group together when foraging far away from forest? --

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