课程名称︰107-1 动物行为学 课程性质︰选修 课程教师︰李玲玲 开课学院：生命科学院 开课系所︰生态学及演化生物学研究所 考试日期（年月日）︰107/11/21 考试时限（分钟）：180 试题 : 题目收回去了，凭印象列出仅具参考 1.解释与比较名词 (1) Proximate causes vs. Ultimate causes (2) Focal sampling vs. Scan sampling (3) Sensory exploitation vs. Ritualization (4) Dear enemy hypothesis vs. Threat-level hypothesis 2.简答 (1) Outline the factors of helpers at different cooperative breeding nest type. (2) 解释地松鼠觅食状况图表中，某*点的意义 (3) 画出三张图表： (a) Marginal value theorem (b) Marginal value theorem中，到同patch但不同traveling time的情况 (c) Marginal value theorem中，同traveling time但到资源高低两patches的情况 3.问答 (1) One often hears that the reason why many species resolve their contest against mostly harmless signals is to reduce injuries and protect the adults needed to produce next generation of offspring. What's the problem of the hypothesis? (2) Some species' queen of colony mated once while some species' queen mated with several different males. If workers of these species have the ability to lay haploid eggs, what should workers do when living in two types of conlony headed by monogamous queen versus that headed by qween which has mated with two or more males? (3) It was observed that elk tended to form larger groups when foraging in the open area far away from forest. Some scientist interpret large group of elk as an antipredator response. However, other scientist noted that elk only aggregate on days when wolves are absent. When wolves presense, elk tends to be small herds. What alternative hypothesis will you propose to explain why elk group together when foraging far away from forest? --

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