課程名稱︰英語語音學(含發音練習)二 課程性質︰外文系選修 課程教師︰史嘉琳 開課學院：文學院 開課系所︰外國語文學系 考試日期（年月日）︰2016.03.30 考試時限（分鐘）：約50分鐘 試題 : Introduction to Phonetics II Wednesday, March 30, 2016 Quiz on Ladefoged, Chapter 6 I. Fill in the blanks. 1. What are the main conceptual differences between an "airstream mechanism" and a "phonation type"? Focus on the organs involved in each, and what they do. (10%) 2. Voiced sounds made with __________ airstream mechanism are found in Sindhi and allophonically in Vietnamese; these seem to have developed from strongly voiced initial stops. (8%) 3. Voiceless sounds made with the __________ airstream mechanism are common in the Caucasus, the Americas and Africa. (8%) 4. Voiceless sounds made with the __________ airstream mechanism are only found in the languages of southern Africa. (8%) 5. Most sounds of all of the world's spoken languages are made with the _______ airstream mechanism. (8%) 6. A four-way contrast of phonation types/VOTs is founds in the initial stops of __________. (6%) 7. Ordinary voicing can be called __________ voice. (6%) 8. Identify the following types of clicks: a. [!] __________ b. [||] __________ c. [Ｏ] __________ d. [|] __________ (12%) (中間有一圓點) II. Matching: Draw lines connecting the items in column A with the corresponding item in column B, then from each item in column B to the language name(s) in which sound in column B occurs (34%) a. implosive [k'] Hindi b. click [ｄ] Hausa, Lakhota c. breathy stop [ｂ] (符桿向右鉤) Mandarin d. murmured vowel [ａ] (ａ下方有..) Navajo e. creaky voice [dh] (h上標，符桿向右鉤) Sindhi f. ejective [ng|] (<eng> 和|，有連結記號) Nama, Zulu, Xhosa g. VOT of + 150 ms [<open o>] (下方有~) Gujarati h. fully voiced [th] (h上標) Italian initial stop III. Dictation. (100%) --

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