課程名稱︰環境衛生要論 課程性質︰ 課程教師︰陳家揚 開課學院：公衛學院 開課系所︰公衛系 考試日期（年月日）︰2014/4/16 考試時限（分鐘）：120min 是否需發放獎勵金：是 （如未明確表示，則不予發放） 試題 : 1.What are the two major fuels for generating electricity in Taiwan? What are their main health effects? The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)just published the 5th assessment report(AR5) to climate change on April 13th,2014(this Sunday); we have to cut 40~70% of the emission of greenhouse gases before the mid-21th century to avoid the increase of global temperature exceeding two degrees centigrade. What are feasible approaches in Taiwan to reach the goal?(16%) 2.Japan's Cabinet approved a new energy plan on April 11,2014(last Friday) to reinstate nuclear power and defined it as an important baseload power source. This reversed the previous government's plans following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.Please comment on this policy change based on sustainability,climate change,power source stability,and health effects.(12%) 3.A leak in pipeline of Lanzhou(蘭州)Petrochemical Co. was identified to contaminate the water source on April 10,2014(last Thursday)and about 200μg/L. (1)Is this a disaster based on the UN definition?(2)If you are the city authorities,what will be your responses to this impact,and how to prevent it from happening again?(3) Do you think if conventional drinking water processes are effective to remove benzene? If not,what are additional steps you may like to use?(16%) 4.Decabromodiphenyl ether(DBDE),a flame retardant,with log K(ow)of 9.0,has been found increasing levels in river sediment in Taiwan in recent years;however,the levels in fish are decreasing.Please provide the rationale on the inverse trends.Regarding human exposure,which bio-specimen(s) will be suitable to monitor the internal dose of DBDE?Which will be the major elimination route from humans?(12%) 5.Please contrast the differences in formation mechanisms and primary health effects between London-type and Los Angeles-type smog.How will sunlight impact their severity?How about if we replace all diesel buses with electric or hybrid- power buses?(14%) 6.In vitro toxicological tests(using isolated cells)are preferred ethically comparing with in vivo(using animals);nevertheless,the former is not able to substitute for the latter at this moment.What are the key reasons?(10%) 7.What are the crucial supporting factors in soild waste management in Taiwan to make the success of waste-to-energy disposal(incineration)?(12%) 8.Please take any one event of adulterated foods happended in Taiwan within one year for elucidating the potential adverse health effects?(8%) 9.Bonus question: Please take an international example for illustrating "energy policy is a global-scale health policy."(10%) --

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