どうせ afterall, of course, anyway, at any rate, anyhow. Explanation: どうせ is used to signal the conclusions which can be drawn from an informal discussion, or from a long thought process. It doesn't mean the conclusion was purposely drawn, but rather that regardless of how the matter was considered, this seems to be the conclusions inevitably reached. There is a slight tone of resignation in the expressions, and the feeling that the result was inescapable. In its broadest application, it means "since you are doing A anyhow, why not also do B?" It can also be used to imply that the listener agress with the logic of the speaker and reaches the same conclusion. Section A どうせ彼にできるはずはない, 私がやってしまおう. At any rate, since he won't possibly be able to do it, I will do it myself. 私がなにを主張しても, どうせ他人には分ってもらえないのだ. It doesn't matter what i propose, no one understands it anyhow. Section B どうせ郵便局へ行くのなら切手を買って來てくださいませんか. Since you are going to the post office anyway, won't you please buy me some stamps? どうせ日本語を勉強するのなら, 漢字と假名も覺えたほうがいいですよ. SInce you are going to study Japanese anyhow, you might as well learn kanji and kana at the same time. 人間はどうせ死ぬのだから, 好きなことをして暮そう. Since all human beings must die sooner or later, we might as well spend our time doing things we like. Section C A: きみはほんとうにばかだな. A: you are really dumb, aren't you? B: どうせ, ぼくはばかなんだ. B: for sure, i am really dumb. どうせ私はばかなんです of course, (as you imply) i am a fool!!! ____________________________________________________________________ references: Suleski, Ronald, and Masada Hiroko. (1982). Affective Expressions in Japanese . The Hokuseido Press: Tokyo. --

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