課程名稱：經濟學 課程性質：整開 課程範圍：Ch6.Ch7.Ch9.Ch10 開課教師：朱美麗 開課學院：社科院 開課系級：經濟系 考試日期(年月日)：98.01.12 考試時限(Mins)：120分鐘 試題本文： 一、選擇題(每題2%，共計22%) (1)The buyers pay the entire sales tax levied on a good when demand is perfectly_____ or supply is perfectly_____. A)inelastic;inelastic B)elastic;inelastic C)elastic;elastic D)inelastic;elastic (2)The water and diamonds paradox of value results from A)the concept of deadweight loss. B)diminishing marginal utility. C)the "law of demand." D)the elasticity of demand. (3)Some fast food restaurants offer free refills on soft drinks. One reason why they can make this offer without fear of losing money is that A)the total utility of three or four soft drinks is probably close to zero. B)the third and fourth refills probably have rapidly diminishing marginal utility. C)there is no such concept as"marginal utility per dollar spent"on any soft drink after the first. D)the third and fourth refills probably have rapidly diminishing total utility. (4)In the above figure,if the minimum wage is set at $5.00 per hour,what effect will it have on the market for low-skilled labor? A)The minimum wage will attract more labor to the low-skilled labor market and cause the wage rate to fall. B)the minimum wage will create a shortage of low-skilled labor. C)The minimum wage will have no effect when set above the equilibrium wage rate. D)The minimum wage will create a surplus of low-skilled labor. Quantity Cookies Marginal utility Quantity Cake Marginal utility 1 32 1 40 2 28 2 32 3 24 3 24 4 20 4 16 5 16 5 8 6 12 6 0 (5)This above table shows Homer's marginal utility from consuming various quantities of chocolate chip cookies and cake.The price of cookies is $2 per pound, the price of cake is $2 per slice and Homer has$18 to spend on cookies and cake. Homer will consume___pounds of cookies and___slices of cake. A)6;3 B)5;4 C)4;5 D)None of the above answers is correct. (6)Robinson spends all his income on mangos and bananas.Mangos cost $3 per pound and bananas cost$1 per pound. The marginal utility is 24 for the last pound of mangos purchased and 10 for the last pound of bananas. To maxmize his utility,Robinson should buy A)the present combination of goods. B)more bananas and fewer mangos. C)mora mangos and fewer bananas. D)only mangos. (7)A firm has achieved technological efficiency whenever it has A)fully depreciated all its assets. B)produced the given output at the lowest cost. C)produced the given output using the fewest inputs. D)all of the above. (8)If Quick Auto Service increases the size of its shop,enabling it to purchase cost-saving capital equipment so that the cost of servicing a car falls this would be an example of A)economies of scale. B)economies of scope. C)monitoring. D)increasing transactions costs. (9)When the marginal product curve is above the average product curve,_______ as output increases. A)marginal product must decrease B)average product must decrease C)average product must increase D)marginal product must increase (10)When the demand for electricity peaks during the hottest days of summer, Florida Power and Light Company can generate more electricity by using more fuel and increasing the working hours of many of its employees.The company cannot,however,increase electric power production by building additional generating capacity.This means that the company is in the A)short run B)intermediate run C)market run D)long run (11)Increasing marginal returns means that as the firm expands its output,its A)long-run average total cost decreases. B)short-run average total cost decreases. C)short-run average total cost increases. D)long-run average total cost increases. 二、請根據下述資料，回答問題(24%) 志明成立一家大規模的電子公司，其經營情況如下： a.一年總收入1500萬元。 b.一年需花費人事費用480萬元、店租與水電費用200萬元、電子原料費用300萬元。 c.自有資金為700萬元，另外向銀行借貸了800萬元，假設市場利率為4%。 d.志明在年初由自有資金700萬元中，用500萬元購買機器設備，但在年末時，機器的 市價卻降為380萬元。 e.若志明不做老闆，而受僱於他人，一年的薪資為120萬元。 (1)該公司的外顯成本為何?(4%) (2)該公司的資本成本為何?(4%) (3)該公司的隱藏成本為何?(4%) (4)該公司的經濟利潤為何?(4%) (5)志明是否會選擇繼續經營此一公司，試解釋之?(4%) (6)承上，若志明每天擬生產30台個人電腦，以下有四種生產方式： Four Ways of Making 30 PC Sets a Day Quantities of inputs Method Labor Capital A 1 20 B 10 50 C 30 10 D 100 1 請問當工資為10元且資本租金為100元時，哪一種生產方式具有生產的經濟效率?(4%) 三、請以經濟學的觀點，簡單扼要的回答下列的問題(30%) (1)究竟是「雪中送炭」，還是「錦上添花」比較好?為什麼?(6%) (2)可以在一個小花園中種出全世界人口所需要的糧食嗎?為什麼?請輔以圖形分析說明之 (6%) (3)為什麼「尺有所短，寸有所長」？請輔以圖形分析說明之(6%) (4)請畫出MC、ATC和AVC的圖形，並請進一步說明其彼此間的關係(6%) (5)為什麼「一輩子可以是短期」？而「剎那卻可以是永恆」?(6%) 四、請根據所提供的訊息，回答下列問題：(24%) 減徵貨物稅救車市 為了挽救買氣已經盪到谷底的汽車產業，行政院已經確定減稅救車市，在2009年 12月31日前凡是新購汽車(限2000cc以下)都可享有減徵貨物稅三萬元。 --中央社財經新聞2009年1月5日 假設每輛汽車的貨物稅原為八萬元，請在此一假設回答下列各題。 各題均請輔以圖形分析說明之。 (1)在減免貨物稅三萬元後，每輛汽車課徵貨物稅五萬元，請問車商在貨物稅為八萬元與 貨物稅五萬元的情況下，其含稅收入有何不同?請問車商在貨物稅為八萬元與貨物稅為 五萬元的情況下，其不含稅收入有何不同?(8%) (2)減免貨物稅三萬元後和原本課徵貨物稅八萬元的情況做比較，消費者剩餘如何變動? 生產者剩餘如何變動?社會無謂損失如何變動?請輔以圖形分析說明之(10%) (3)假設你可購買汽車及其他財貨二種商品，政府對購買新車減徵三萬元的貨物稅，將對 你的預算線造成什麼樣的變化?為什麼?若是政府直接給你三萬元現金，則此時你的預 算線又會有什麼樣的變化?為什麼?(6%) --

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