课程名称：经济学 课程性质：整开 课程范围：Ch6.Ch7.Ch9.Ch10 开课教师：朱美丽 开课学院：社科院 开课系级：经济系 考试日期(年月日)：98.01.12 考试时限(Mins)：120分钟 试题本文： 一、选择题(每题2%，共计22%) (1)The buyers pay the entire sales tax levied on a good when demand is perfectly_____ or supply is perfectly_____. A)inelastic;inelastic B)elastic;inelastic C)elastic;elastic D)inelastic;elastic (2)The water and diamonds paradox of value results from A)the concept of deadweight loss. B)diminishing marginal utility. C)the "law of demand." D)the elasticity of demand. (3)Some fast food restaurants offer free refills on soft drinks. One reason why they can make this offer without fear of losing money is that A)the total utility of three or four soft drinks is probably close to zero. B)the third and fourth refills probably have rapidly diminishing marginal utility. C)there is no such concept as"marginal utility per dollar spent"on any soft drink after the first. D)the third and fourth refills probably have rapidly diminishing total utility. (4)In the above figure,if the minimum wage is set at $5.00 per hour,what effect will it have on the market for low-skilled labor? A)The minimum wage will attract more labor to the low-skilled labor market and cause the wage rate to fall. B)the minimum wage will create a shortage of low-skilled labor. C)The minimum wage will have no effect when set above the equilibrium wage rate. D)The minimum wage will create a surplus of low-skilled labor. Quantity Cookies Marginal utility Quantity Cake Marginal utility 1 32 1 40 2 28 2 32 3 24 3 24 4 20 4 16 5 16 5 8 6 12 6 0 (5)This above table shows Homer's marginal utility from consuming various quantities of chocolate chip cookies and cake.The price of cookies is $2 per pound, the price of cake is $2 per slice and Homer has$18 to spend on cookies and cake. Homer will consume___pounds of cookies and___slices of cake. A)6;3 B)5;4 C)4;5 D)None of the above answers is correct. (6)Robinson spends all his income on mangos and bananas.Mangos cost $3 per pound and bananas cost$1 per pound. The marginal utility is 24 for the last pound of mangos purchased and 10 for the last pound of bananas. To maxmize his utility,Robinson should buy A)the present combination of goods. B)more bananas and fewer mangos. C)mora mangos and fewer bananas. D)only mangos. (7)A firm has achieved technological efficiency whenever it has A)fully depreciated all its assets. B)produced the given output at the lowest cost. C)produced the given output using the fewest inputs. D)all of the above. (8)If Quick Auto Service increases the size of its shop,enabling it to purchase cost-saving capital equipment so that the cost of servicing a car falls this would be an example of A)economies of scale. B)economies of scope. C)monitoring. D)increasing transactions costs. (9)When the marginal product curve is above the average product curve,_______ as output increases. A)marginal product must decrease B)average product must decrease C)average product must increase D)marginal product must increase (10)When the demand for electricity peaks during the hottest days of summer, Florida Power and Light Company can generate more electricity by using more fuel and increasing the working hours of many of its employees.The company cannot,however,increase electric power production by building additional generating capacity.This means that the company is in the A)short run B)intermediate run C)market run D)long run (11)Increasing marginal returns means that as the firm expands its output,its A)long-run average total cost decreases. B)short-run average total cost decreases. C)short-run average total cost increases. D)long-run average total cost increases. 二、请根据下述资料，回答问题(24%) 志明成立一家大规模的电子公司，其经营情况如下： a.一年总收入1500万元。 b.一年需花费人事费用480万元、店租与水电费用200万元、电子原料费用300万元。 c.自有资金为700万元，另外向银行借贷了800万元，假设市场利率为4%。 d.志明在年初由自有资金700万元中，用500万元购买机器设备，但在年末时，机器的 市价却降为380万元。 e.若志明不做老板，而受雇於他人，一年的薪资为120万元。 (1)该公司的外显成本为何?(4%) (2)该公司的资本成本为何?(4%) (3)该公司的隐藏成本为何?(4%) (4)该公司的经济利润为何?(4%) (5)志明是否会选择继续经营此一公司，试解释之?(4%) (6)承上，若志明每天拟生产30台个人电脑，以下有四种生产方式： Four Ways of Making 30 PC Sets a Day Quantities of inputs Method Labor Capital A 1 20 B 10 50 C 30 10 D 100 1 请问当工资为10元且资本租金为100元时，哪一种生产方式具有生产的经济效率?(4%) 三、请以经济学的观点，简单扼要的回答下列的问题(30%) (1)究竟是「雪中送炭」，还是「锦上添花」比较好?为什麽?(6%) (2)可以在一个小花园中种出全世界人口所需要的粮食吗?为什麽?请辅以图形分析说明之 (6%) (3)为什麽「尺有所短，寸有所长」？请辅以图形分析说明之(6%) (4)请画出MC、ATC和AVC的图形，并请进一步说明其彼此间的关系(6%) (5)为什麽「一辈子可以是短期」？而「刹那却可以是永恒」?(6%) 四、请根据所提供的讯息，回答下列问题：(24%) 减徵货物税救车市 为了挽救买气已经荡到谷底的汽车产业，行政院已经确定减税救车市，在2009年 12月31日前凡是新购汽车(限2000cc以下)都可享有减徵货物税三万元。 --中央社财经新闻2009年1月5日 假设每辆汽车的货物税原为八万元，请在此一假设回答下列各题。 各题均请辅以图形分析说明之。 (1)在减免货物税三万元後，每辆汽车课徵货物税五万元，请问车商在货物税为八万元与 货物税五万元的情况下，其含税收入有何不同?请问车商在货物税为八万元与货物税为 五万元的情况下，其不含税收入有何不同?(8%) (2)减免货物税三万元後和原本课徵货物税八万元的情况做比较，消费者剩余如何变动? 生产者剩余如何变动?社会无谓损失如何变动?请辅以图形分析说明之(10%) (3)假设你可购买汽车及其他财货二种商品，政府对购买新车减徵三万元的货物税，将对 你的预算线造成什麽样的变化?为什麽?若是政府直接给你三万元现金，则此时你的预 算线又会有什麽样的变化?为什麽?(6%) --

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