一、 在本課程的範圍內， 舉出有關古文明或文字的發掘兩例，並說明其影響與貢獻。20% 二、 試以「對死後世界的想像」為主題， 說明兩河流域、埃及及希臘文化的特色。30% 三、回答以下有關古代近東帝國發展的問題： 1.翻譯兩段文字： (1.)Thebes was the capital of the Eighteenth Dynasty: as the city's patron deity, Amon therefore played an important role in the dynasty's own self-image. But Amon was more than just a local god. He had grown in stature and popularity throughout Middle Kingdom Egypt. Increasingly he was identified or incorporated with the sun god Ra. By 1550B.C.E., the Amon-Ra godhead had become something like an Egyptian national god, around whom the Thebes-based Eighteenth Dynasty rallied Egypt against the Hyksos. The dynasty therefore had much reason for gratitude to Amon, whose support had been crucial in their efforts to reunite Egypt. from (WC,p.47)10% (2.)'The two fundamental characteristics of this Assyrian military-religious ethos were holy war and the exaction of tribute through terror. The Assyrians were convinced that their god Assur demanded that his worship be extended through military conquest. Even more than to the king, therefore, the Assyrian army belonged to Assur: and all who did not accept Assur's supremacy were, by that fact alone, enemies of Assur's people, the Assyrians. Ritual humiliation of a defeated city's gods was therefore a regular feature of Assyrians. Ritual humiliation of a defeated city's gods was therefore a regular feature of Assyrian conquests.....Meanwhile, an image of Assur himself would be installed in the defeated city, and the conquered people would now be required to worship him.' from (WC,p.64)10% 2.就以上兩段文字來討論古代近東地區帝國統治的特色， 並在此主題下將各大帝國 (至少應包括埃及新王國時期、亞述帝國、波斯帝國)加以比較。30% 懶得檢查了XDD 這篇是要造福學弟妹的啦 --

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