從頭來看一下吧。我一開始在推薦學者與網頁時，說的是「左派 不一定是馬克思主義者」，這只是在陳述一件事實，實在沒什麼 好爭議的。 It's simply true. 再重複一次。我陳述的是一件事實，故這句話不帶任何價值判斷。 我沒有說「有些左派不是馬克思主義者，所以他們比較差勁」。 左派本來就不是一個均質的整體，內部有各種流派的分歧，這從有 左右之分以來就是這樣。無政府主義者針對馬克思主義者攻擊了一 百多年；二十幾年來各類後現代左派不斷在攻擊馬克思主義，某些 版本的生態社會主義也把馬克思主義當成箭靶。這些人都對資本主 義有所批判，但是全都與（各種類別的）馬克思主義保持距離。 除非有人能夠說明「所有左派都是馬克思主義者」，否則我不知道 針對我一開始那句話攻擊個半天究竟有何意義。 懶得多寫了，以下引一段文章好了。這段文章不完全與以上的討論 有關，但是值得看一看。 有些左派始終自覺地與馬克思主義保持距離，但是有些左派雖自稱 馬克思主義者，所作所為卻完全與馬克思主義無關。換言之，我認 為區分（比較）「真」的與（比較）「假」的馬克思主義是有必要 的。John Molyneux 寫過一篇 "What Is the Real Marxist Tradition?" （1983），就是在討論這個問題。以下我把該文第一部份的幾段貼 上來，有興趣閱讀全文者請至 http://www.marxisme.dk/arkiv/molyneux/realmarx/ It is not just that people who call themselves Marxists hold different views on certain questions (say "the tendency of the rate of profit to fall" or the class nature of the Soviet Union): that is something to be expected in any living democratic movement. The real problem is that frequently the "Marxists" are to be found imprisoning, killing, and making war on each other, and, more fundamentally, that in all the great social conflicts of our age self-proclaimed "Marxists" are to be found on opposing sides of the revolutionary barricades. Think of Plekhanov and Lenin in 1917, of Kautsky and Luxemburg in 1919, of the Communists and the POUM in Barcelona in 1936, of Hungary in 1956 and of Poland in 1981. It is this which compels us to pose the question of what defines Marxism. There are, of course, some who would reject the question altogether, denying that the search for a "true" Marxism has any meaning and simply accepting as Marxist all those who claim the label. On the one hand this is a convenient response for the bourgeoisie and its cruder ideologists, in that it permits them to condemn all Marxism and Marxists by association with Joe Stalin and Pol Pot, the butcher of Cambodia. On the other hand it also suits the academic Marxologists, enabling them to produce numerous profitable "guides to the Marxists", offering cribs to every school of thought from the Austro-Marxists to the Althusserians. --

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