說明:一至五題擇其三(各25分)，第六題必答(30分)，第七題自由選答 一.何謂humanism?請說明古典時期希臘在政治，文學，藝術，哲學，與宗教五 方面humanism的表現。 二.請說明從希臘，希臘化，至羅馬時代"東西對立"形勢的變遷狀況。 三.請舉實例說明從希臘，希臘化，至羅馬時代文藝的發展趨勢。 四.請舉實例說明從希臘，希臘化，至羅馬時代哲學的發展趨勢。 五.(1)Judaism的演進及其信仰特質為何? (2)Judaism在西方文明發展史中的重 要性為何? 六.請將下文中譯，然後加以補充和申論(30分) 1.Protagoras's famous dictum, 'man is the measure of all things,' meant that goodness, truth, and justice are relative to the needs and interests of man. The relativism of Sophists could easily degenerate into the doctrine that the wise man is the one who knows best how to manipulate others and gratify his own desires. 2.'True law,' Cicero declared, 'is right reason consonant with nature, diffused among all men, constant, eternal. To make enactments infringing this law, religion forbids, neither may it be repealed even in part, nor have we power through Senate or people to free ourselves from it.' 3.The philosophers and religious enthusuasts of Hellenistic Age generally agreed upon one thing: the necessity of finding some release from the trials of human existence, for with the decline of free civic life as a means for the expression of human idealism, alternatives needed to be found to make life seem meaningful, or at least endurable. 七.自問自答(視情形給分) --

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