SC 的解題過程，可以從文法、語意、及修辭三個階段來判斷。本題 答案 (E) 有文法和語意的錯誤。 ■原題整理 Most of Portugal's 250,000 university students boycotted classes in a one-day strike to protest a law that requires them to contribute $330 a year toward the cost of higher education, previously paying $7 per year. (D) year toward the cost of higher education, instead of the $7 per year required previously (E) year as opposed to the $7 per year required previously for the cost of higher education 單純就(D)(E)兩答案來說，本題考點如下： 一、 contribute 的句型 二、 the cost of higher education 的文法功能和語意 二、 instead of, as opposed to 的用法 ------------------------------------------------------------ 一、contribute 的句型 根據朗文字典所述，contribute 在此處的句型如下： 句型：contribute something to/towards something 例句：The volunteers contribute their own time to the project. (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English) 答案 (D) 分析： contribute $330 a year toward the cost of higher education 句型正確。 答案 (E) 則改成了 for contribute $330 a year for the cost of higher education 所以不合慣用搭配。另外這個 for... eduction 部分， 也放錯位置了。（第二點會提到） ------------------------------------------------------------ 二、the cost of higher education 的文法功能和語意 在答案 (D) 中 the cost of higher education 作為 towards 的 受詞，構成了正確的 contribute ... towards 的句型內容。 但在答案 (E) 中，the cost of higher education 成了 for 的 受詞，而又與 required 構成了過去分詞修飾語，去修飾 $7， 因而導致語意的錯誤： the $7 per year required previously for the cost of higher education （高等教育經費以前每年需要七美元） ------------------------------------------------------------ 三、as opposed to 的用法 as opposed to 是個介系詞片語，後面可以接名詞，也可以接現在 分詞片語。 語意大約是：對比於，相較於，而非（看上下文找個接近的用）。 以下是幾本字典的定義與例句以及同義字整理。 ■朗文字典定義與例句 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English as opposed to something: 定義：used to compare two things and show that they are different from each other: 例句：Students discuss ideas, as opposed to just copying from books. ■韋氏字典定義與例句 Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary 11th Edition 定義：set or placed in opposition: contrary 例句：with politicians, as opposed to soap, you cannot return what you have bought — Felix G. Rohatyn> ■牛津同義字辭典 Oxford Thesaurus as opposed to: 例句：the concrete as opposed to the abstract 同義字：in contrast with, as against, as contrasted with, as an alternative to, rather than, instead of. ■錢伯斯同義字辭典 Chambers Thesaurus as opposed to: 同義字：rather than, instead of, in contrast to, as against, versus 單就詞性與意義，但不考慮其他上下文問題的話，as opposed to 與 instead of 可以互換。 ------------------------------------------------------------ 結論：答案 (E) 句型不合慣用搭配，同時部分文字變更了位 置，修飾對象錯誤因而產生語意錯誤。 以上提供各位做個參考 謝忠理 [email protected] http://oketw.blogspot.tw --

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