SC 的解题过程，可以从文法、语意、及修辞三个阶段来判断。本题 答案 (E) 有文法和语意的错误。 ■原题整理 Most of Portugal's 250,000 university students boycotted classes in a one-day strike to protest a law that requires them to contribute $330 a year toward the cost of higher education, previously paying $7 per year. (D) year toward the cost of higher education, instead of the $7 per year required previously (E) year as opposed to the $7 per year required previously for the cost of higher education 单纯就(D)(E)两答案来说，本题考点如下： 一、 contribute 的句型 二、 the cost of higher education 的文法功能和语意 二、 instead of, as opposed to 的用法 ------------------------------------------------------------ 一、contribute 的句型 根据朗文字典所述，contribute 在此处的句型如下： 句型：contribute something to/towards something 例句：The volunteers contribute their own time to the project. (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English) 答案 (D) 分析： contribute $330 a year toward the cost of higher education 句型正确。 答案 (E) 则改成了 for contribute $330 a year for the cost of higher education 所以不合惯用搭配。另外这个 for... eduction 部分， 也放错位置了。（第二点会提到） ------------------------------------------------------------ 二、the cost of higher education 的文法功能和语意 在答案 (D) 中 the cost of higher education 作为 towards 的 受词，构成了正确的 contribute ... towards 的句型内容。 但在答案 (E) 中，the cost of higher education 成了 for 的 受词，而又与 required 构成了过去分词修饰语，去修饰 $7， 因而导致语意的错误： the $7 per year required previously for the cost of higher education （高等教育经费以前每年需要七美元） ------------------------------------------------------------ 三、as opposed to 的用法 as opposed to 是个介系词片语，後面可以接名词，也可以接现在 分词片语。 语意大约是：对比於，相较於，而非（看上下文找个接近的用）。 以下是几本字典的定义与例句以及同义字整理。 ■朗文字典定义与例句 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English as opposed to something: 定义：used to compare two things and show that they are different from each other: 例句：Students discuss ideas, as opposed to just copying from books. ■韦氏字典定义与例句 Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary 11th Edition 定义：set or placed in opposition: contrary 例句：with politicians, as opposed to soap, you cannot return what you have bought — Felix G. Rohatyn> ■牛津同义字辞典 Oxford Thesaurus as opposed to: 例句：the concrete as opposed to the abstract 同义字：in contrast with, as against, as contrasted with, as an alternative to, rather than, instead of. ■钱伯斯同义字辞典 Chambers Thesaurus as opposed to: 同义字：rather than, instead of, in contrast to, as against, versus 单就词性与意义，但不考虑其他上下文问题的话，as opposed to 与 instead of 可以互换。 ------------------------------------------------------------ 结论：答案 (E) 句型不合惯用搭配，同时部分文字变更了位 置，修饰对象错误因而产生语意错误。 以上提供各位做个参考 谢忠理 [email protected] http://oketw.blogspot.tw --

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