標記好讀版：http://dustingmat.blogspot.tw/2015/05/blog-post.html 同步刊載於：https://www.facebook.com/groups/A2GMAT/permalink/827727500614189/ 讓我們用這個正確句子做開頭： Among lower-paid workers, union members are less likely than nonunion members to be enrolled in lower-end insurance plans that impose stricter limits on medical services and require doctors to see more patients[, ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ spending less time with each.] 請注意最後的句尾,Ving結構 ",spending less time with each." 以前我們的理解都是，句尾Ving的邏輯主語要嘛是前句主詞， 要嘛是全句整件事情，但是這個正確句子，怎麼看spending都抓的是doctors， doctors既不是主詞，也不是整件事情，怎麼會這樣呢？ 所以這裡要來釐清一下「邏輯主語」的概念。 要懂邏輯主語，就要先懂「修飾對象」。 句尾,Ving若不是當單純修飾句尾名詞的非限定形容詞片語（N, Ving...）， 那麼就可以是三種作用的其中一種：1. 補充說明 2. 附帶結果 3. 連續動作。 但請記住，不論是哪一種作用，修飾對象都是「最靠近它的動作（事件）」。 而要找邏輯主語，就應該是先去看在句意上該句尾,Ving到底是修飾哪個動作/事件， 那個動作的發出者/或者是整件事情本身，就是邏輯主語。 像這個例題中，spending less time with each（在每個病人身上花的時間更少） 句意上是see more patients（看更多病人）的後果， 所以修飾對象是see這個動作，那邏輯主語就會是see的動作發出者doctors。 所以這裡的spending抓的合理邏輯主語是doctors。 請觀察以下正確句子中，句尾,Ving在句意上所修飾的都是靠近它的動作/事件 我把Ving結構用[ ]標示，句意上的修飾對象用( )標示。 Executives and federal officials say that (the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers) [, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business more than $100 billion a year.] （事件當邏輯主語） In 1791 Robert Carter III, one of the wealthiest plantation owners in Virginia, stunned his family, friends, and neighbors by (filing a deed of emancipation)[, setting free the more than 500 slaves who were legally considered his property.] （修飾動作filing的發出者Robert Carter III當邏輯主語） (The recent surge in the number of airplane flights has clogged the nation's air-traffic control system)[, leading to a 55-percent increase in delays at airports and prompting fears among some officials that safety is being compromised.] （事件當邏輯主語） Analysts blamed May's sluggish retail sales on unexciting merchandise as well as the weather, (which was colder and wetter than usual in some regions)[, slowing sales of barbecue grills and lawn furniture.] （事件當邏輯主語） For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nation in Africa, (animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment)[, protecting warriors against enemy arrows and spears.] （修飾對象是謂語格＋主詞補語 were essential items， 抓修飾對象的主語animal-hide shields） (The cameras of the Voyager II spacecraft detected six small, previously unseen moons circling Uranus)[, doubling to twelve the number of satellites now known to orbit the distant planet.] （事件當邏輯主語） (Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer)[, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised since transplants from Norway began in 1975.] （事件當邏輯主語） In the fall of 1985, only 10 percent of the women entering college planned to major in education, while (28 percent chose business)[, making it the most popular major for women as well as for men.] （事件當邏輯主語） 有沒有發現，儘管句子中有好幾個動作/事件，句尾,Ving在句意上的修飾對象 永遠是最靠近它的動作/事件。 所以請不要再傻傻地只會去往句子最前面找主詞囉。 你遇到句尾,Ving時，應該是要： 先喵一眼句意是不是修飾句尾單一名詞（一般非限定修飾用法） 再檢查是不是在句意上正確修飾最靠近它的動作/事件 如果發現Ving的主詞不能是整個事件 （像spending less time with each一定要是人才能做的） 那就再去找該動作/事件在句意上的發出者，檢查是否能夠對得上Ving。 至於句首的Ving分詞結構呢？ 請記住，唯一的修飾對象，就是「主句整句話（也就是主句的謂語）」。 各位可以拿出正確句子集合對照一下囉。 Dustin -- Dustin Deng (一戰自修760，AWA 5.5) Dustin/A2GMAT 全科機經班： http://goo.gl/forms/MVTOkB4jjD GMAT自修資源部落格： http://dustingmat.blogspot.tw A2GMAT線上解題、討論Group： https://www.facebook.com/groups/A2GMAT/ --

※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 118.168.218.51 ※ 文章網址: https://webptt.com/m.aspx?n=bbs/GMAT/M.1431447654.A.B81.html ※ 編輯: danyuchn (114.43.152.22), 05/15/2015 08:49:22