标记好读版：http://dustingmat.blogspot.tw/2015/05/blog-post.html 同步刊载於：https://www.facebook.com/groups/A2GMAT/permalink/827727500614189/ 让我们用这个正确句子做开头： Among lower-paid workers, union members are less likely than nonunion members to be enrolled in lower-end insurance plans that impose stricter limits on medical services and require doctors to see more patients[, ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ spending less time with each.] 请注意最後的句尾,Ving结构 ",spending less time with each." 以前我们的理解都是，句尾Ving的逻辑主语要嘛是前句主词， 要嘛是全句整件事情，但是这个正确句子，怎麽看spending都抓的是doctors， doctors既不是主词，也不是整件事情，怎麽会这样呢？ 所以这里要来厘清一下「逻辑主语」的概念。 要懂逻辑主语，就要先懂「修饰对象」。 句尾,Ving若不是当单纯修饰句尾名词的非限定形容词片语（N, Ving...）， 那麽就可以是三种作用的其中一种：1. 补充说明 2. 附带结果 3. 连续动作。 但请记住，不论是哪一种作用，修饰对象都是「最靠近它的动作（事件）」。 而要找逻辑主语，就应该是先去看在句意上该句尾,Ving到底是修饰哪个动作/事件， 那个动作的发出者/或者是整件事情本身，就是逻辑主语。 像这个例题中，spending less time with each（在每个病人身上花的时间更少） 句意上是see more patients（看更多病人）的後果， 所以修饰对象是see这个动作，那逻辑主语就会是see的动作发出者doctors。 所以这里的spending抓的合理逻辑主语是doctors。 请观察以下正确句子中，句尾,Ving在句意上所修饰的都是靠近它的动作/事件 我把Ving结构用[ ]标示，句意上的修饰对象用( )标示。 Executives and federal officials say that (the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers) [, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business more than $100 billion a year.] （事件当逻辑主语） In 1791 Robert Carter III, one of the wealthiest plantation owners in Virginia, stunned his family, friends, and neighbors by (filing a deed of emancipation)[, setting free the more than 500 slaves who were legally considered his property.] （修饰动作filing的发出者Robert Carter III当逻辑主语） (The recent surge in the number of airplane flights has clogged the nation's air-traffic control system)[, leading to a 55-percent increase in delays at airports and prompting fears among some officials that safety is being compromised.] （事件当逻辑主语） Analysts blamed May's sluggish retail sales on unexciting merchandise as well as the weather, (which was colder and wetter than usual in some regions)[, slowing sales of barbecue grills and lawn furniture.] （事件当逻辑主语） For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nation in Africa, (animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment)[, protecting warriors against enemy arrows and spears.] （修饰对象是谓语格＋主词补语 were essential items， 抓修饰对象的主语animal-hide shields） (The cameras of the Voyager II spacecraft detected six small, previously unseen moons circling Uranus)[, doubling to twelve the number of satellites now known to orbit the distant planet.] （事件当逻辑主语） (Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer)[, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised since transplants from Norway began in 1975.] （事件当逻辑主语） In the fall of 1985, only 10 percent of the women entering college planned to major in education, while (28 percent chose business)[, making it the most popular major for women as well as for men.] （事件当逻辑主语） 有没有发现，尽管句子中有好几个动作/事件，句尾,Ving在句意上的修饰对象 永远是最靠近它的动作/事件。 所以请不要再傻傻地只会去往句子最前面找主词罗。 你遇到句尾,Ving时，应该是要： 先喵一眼句意是不是修饰句尾单一名词（一般非限定修饰用法） 再检查是不是在句意上正确修饰最靠近它的动作/事件 如果发现Ving的主词不能是整个事件 （像spending less time with each一定要是人才能做的） 那就再去找该动作/事件在句意上的发出者，检查是否能够对得上Ving。 至於句首的Ving分词结构呢？ 请记住，唯一的修饰对象，就是「主句整句话（也就是主句的谓语）」。 各位可以拿出正确句子集合对照一下罗。 Dustin -- Dustin Deng (一战自修760，AWA 5.5) Dustin/A2GMAT 全科机经班： http://goo.gl/forms/MVTOkB4jjD GMAT自修资源部落格： http://dustingmat.blogspot.tw A2GMAT线上解题、讨论Group： https://www.facebook.com/groups/A2GMAT/ --

※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc), 来自: 118.168.218.51 ※ 文章网址: https://webptt.com/cn.aspx?n=bbs/GMAT/M.1431447654.A.B81.html ※ 编辑: danyuchn (114.43.152.22), 05/15/2015 08:49:22