※ 引述《scju (QQ)》之銘言： : 大家好，請問一下 : 1.在Longman Idioms Dictionary的SPIRIT條目中，看到這樣的例句： : Albert's diet consisted of microwave meals, varied by cooking in a disgusting : frying pan when the spirit moved him. : 裡頭consisted和varied都是動詞，卻只用逗號連接，是否有誤呢？ : 如果是分詞，就變成： : Albert's diet consisted of microwave meals which were varied by cooking in a : disgusting frying pan when the spirit moved him. 我覺得這邊的 varied by cooking in a disgusting frying pan when the spirit moved him 應該是補充說 Albert's diet 偶爾會有的變化， 而不是後面的 microwave meals。 : 那我想再問，類似的結構： : Depending on where you ate, small orders of fries could vary by 110 calories : and by 320 milligrams of sodium. : 為何同樣是vary後面加by，前面那句用被動語態，後面那句則是主動語態呢？ : 想釐清這兩句話的by的意思。 : 謝謝！ 前面那句的 by 是「以」cooking in a disgusting frying pan 做變化， 後面的 by 則是「差異」的意思， 兩個 by 是不同的用法。 : 2.不好意思，順便多問一句： : He's always turning up late with some fantastic excuse, expecting me to : swallow it whole! : 這句話是否可以理解成這樣： : He's always turning up late with some fantastic excuse, (and is) expecting me : to swallow it whole! : 謝謝！ 個人認為語意上有些微差別， 但要幫助瞭解應可如此理解。 --

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