Ultra-traditional Catholics rebel against pope in Brazil: ‘He is less Catholic than us’ 極端保守主義天主教團體在巴西槓上教宗： 「他比咱們還要更不天主教」 Jonathan Watts in Nova Friburgo and Stephanie Kirchgaessner in Rome In a secluded monastery in south-eastern Brazil, a breakaway group of ultra-conservative Catholics gathered to participate in an act of rebellion against the pope. 在巴西東南部的一處寂靜修道院中，一個極端保守天主教團體的分支成員聚在一塊，為的 是表達對教宗的抵抗。 The setting could hardly have been more tranquil: rolling green hills, purple-glory trees, palm leaves swaying in the wind and a temporary chapel made of breeze block walls and a tin roof left partially open to the elements. 很難想像這所在更加平靜的樣子：鑒於它有著連綿起伏的綠色山丘，閃耀著紫色的光輝的 大樹，隨著微風搖曳的棕梠葉，還有座以磚牆和部分敞開的鐵皮屋頂建成的臨時禮拜堂。 But the 50 or so priests, Benedictine monks, nuns and other worshippers who file into Santa Cruz monastery on Saturday were no ordinary congregation. Hailing from Europe, the US and Latin America, they described themselves as a “resistance” movement against Vatican reforms. 然而，就在上周六卻有超過約五十名的司鐸、本篤會會士、修女以及其他信徒們不尋常地 聚集在這座聖克魯茲隱修院。來自於歐洲、美國和拉丁美洲的他們自稱是一起針對梵諦岡 的改革而集結的「抵抗運動」。 In favour of Latin services – and fiercely opposed to ecumenism, freedom of religion and closer relations with Judaism – they had come to defy the authority of Rome with the ordination of a new priest by an excommunicated bishop, Jean-Michel Faure. 基於對拉丁語禮儀的支持－以及對大公合一運動、宗教自由和與猶太教建立更緊密的互動 的強烈抵制－他們藉由讓一位遭到絕罰的主教尚‧米契‧法爾任命一位新的司鐸的方式來 表達對羅馬權威的無視。 It was the second such ceremony in the past month: Faure was consecrated here without papal approval only two weeks ago by the Holocaust-denying British bishop Richard Williamson. In response, both clerics were automatically ejected from the church, but this has not stopped the group’s drive to build an unsanctioned clergy. 在過去的一個月裏頭，這已經是第二次類似的儀式被舉行了：法爾自己就是在未經教宗同 意的情況下由一位曾經公開否認猶太大屠殺事件的英籍主教理查‧威廉森祝聖為主教的。 在那之後這兩位神職人員同樣的受到了自科絕罰的處罰，不過這依然沒有阻止這個團體 去嘗試任命一位未受認同的神職人員。 The ceremony harked back to an earlier, more conservative age. Women sat on one side of the aisle, their heads – even the youngest girls – covered in scarves. Over three hours, the liturgy was almost entirely in Latin, as were the hymns sung by a choir of monks accompanied by a nun on an electric organ. 這起儀式採取了早先更加保守的時代的形式。婦女坐在同一側－包刮最小的女孩兒－且全 都覆上了頭紗。整整三個小時，這場禮儀幾乎採用了全拉丁文來進行，並由一群僧侶在一 名修女的電子管風琴的伴奏下誦唱著讚美詩。 Before his ordination, brother André Zelaya de León prostrated himself before the altar and then rose to his knees for a blessing on his tonsured head by Faure. At times, the prayers were so quiet that they almost drowned out by the cicadas and birds in the trees. 就在他的晉鐸前，安德烈．塞拉亞．德．萊昂修士拜伏在祭壇前，並當法爾於其剃著僧侶 頭的頂上降福時以膝蓋跪起。這祈禱是那麼的安靜，以至於有時幾乎要被樹上的蟬鳴與鳥 啼給蓋住了。 Apart from the digital cameras, cellphones – and the electric organ – the ceremony would have been recognisable to centuries of Catholic believers before what today’s ultra-conservatives consider to be the wrong turn taken by the Catholic church with the democratising reforms of the 1962 Second Vatican Council. 除了部分成員攜帶的數位相機、手機－以及那台電子管風琴－之外，這整場儀式盡可能的 遵照了受被這些極端保守主義者認為是場錯誤的第二次梵諦岡大公會議的改革前，由天主 教信眾們所進行數個世紀的形式。 After the mass, Faure told the Guardian the Vatican was smashing tradition, and going against the teachings of Pius X, a staunch conservative who was pope between 1903 and 1914. 就在彌撒後，法爾告訴衛報梵諦岡所為是在摧毀傳統，以及違背了庇護十世－一位曾於1903 年和1914年間擔任教宗的堅定保守主義者－的訓導。 “We do not follow that revolution. The current pope is preaching doctrine denied by Pius X. He is less Catholic than us,” he said. “He does not follow the doctrine of the faith that are the words of Jesus Christ.” 「我們才不會遵循那改革。如今的教宗所宣導的事物早已受到庇護十世的否定了。他比咱 們還要更不天主教，」他說。「他並沒有遵行由耶穌基督所立下的信德規條」 The Vatican’s response to the ordination was unequivocal. “Excommunication is automatic,” a spokesman said. He added: “For the Holy See , the diocese of Santa Cruz in Nova Friburgo does not exist. Faure can say what he wants, but a Catholic, and even more so a bishop, obeys and respects the pope.” 梵諦岡對此的回應則是十分明確的。 「他們早已遭受自科的絕罰」一位發言人說。他更補充「就聖座而言，所謂的新弗里堡的 聖克魯茲教區是不存在的。法爾可以任意妄言他想說的，但是身為一位天主教徒本該服從 和尊重教宗，更罔論身為一名主教了。」 Faure, a French cleric who has worked in Mexico and Argentina, said he did not accept this ruling. 這位曾於墨西哥和阿根廷供職的法籍神職人員，法爾說他不接受這裁決。 “Canon law states that excommunication is valid if it follows a mortal sin. But ours is not a mortal sin. We’re just following our religion. To do this, we need priests, and to have priests we need bishops.” 「教會法典只有說在極度的重罪下，才會形成自科絕罰。但我們才沒有犯下大罪。我們 只是遵循我們的信仰。而為了達成這點，我們就需要有司鐸；而為了有司鐸，我們就需 要有主教」 He compared his situation to that of other Catholics in history, such as Joan of Arc, who were initially excommunicated but later recognised for their contribution to the Church. “Although we are a minority now, if you look at history, we are a majority. There all the saints, 250 popes and all the Catholics who think exactly as we think.” 他也舉了歷史上其他的天主教徒為他的情況作對照，包括聖女貞德在內的人曾經被逐出教 會，卻又在後來被證實他們對教會的貢獻。「也許如今我們看起來是少數，但如果你放眼 歷史，我們實乃多數！那所有的諸位聖人、超過兩百五十任教宗以及所有的天主教徒所想 的與我們毫無分別。」 Faure said he only reluctantly become a bishop in case Williamson died in an accident, which would leave the group without the means to ordain priests. 法爾說他之所以不得不成為主教，是為了預防威爾森因意外而辭世。若是如此該團體就會 面臨無法任命新司鐸的窘境。 Though he did not say it, the French bishop may also be replacing his British counterpart as a spokesman for the movement. Williamson has repeatedly stirred up controversy with comments denying the Holocaust, praising the Russian president, Vladimir Putin, as a peacemaker, warning that Muslims are taking over Europe, and claiming that women are dominating corporations and the military because they are not fulfilling their natural role “making babies”. 此外他沒有宣之與口的還有一件事，這位法籍主教也許能取代他的英籍同僚擔任該團體的 發言人。威爾森曾經引發多次的失言風暴，像是否認猶太大屠殺事件、稱讚俄羅斯總統弗 拉迪米爾．普丁是為和平主義者、聲稱穆斯林正在佔領歐洲，還有聲稱女性主導企業和軍 隊是在拒絕履行其天職「生孩子」。 Williamson was one of four bishops illegally ordained in 1988 by a French Roman Catholic archbishop called Marcel Lefebvre, the founder of the Society of St Pius X and an outspoken critic of the liberalisation of certain church practices following the Second Vatican Council, including the widespread use of vernacular language rather than Latin in mass, inter-faith dialogue and efforts to communicate with the secular world. 威爾森曾是1988年由法國天主教總主教馬塞爾‧列斐伏爾所非法祝聖的四位主教的其中一 人。列斐伏爾是聖庇護十世司鐸兄弟會的創辦者，以及第二次梵諦岡大公會議的著名批評 者。他極度反對梵二的自由風改革，包括採取當地語言取代拉丁文舉行儀式、跨宗教對話 還有與世俗世界的交流。 Lefebvre and all four bishops were immediately excommunicated for participating in the illicit ordinations, but their movement has been a thorn in the Vatican’s side ever since. 列斐伏爾與那四位主教很快地就因為其非法祝聖的行為而自科絕罰，然而在那之前他們的 運動早就成為梵諦岡方的眼中釘多時了。 Only about one million Catholics – or 0.1% of the Catholic population – describe themselves as followers of St Pius X, but successive popes have attempted to heal the rift with them. 只有約一百萬或說0.1% 的天主教徒自稱他們是庇護十世的追隨者，並且後繼的教宗們也沒 放棄修復與其之間產生的裂痕。 In 2009, Pope Benedict ignited controversy by lifting the excommunication of the four bishops and even promised the rebel group autonomy from bishops they considered too liberal. 就在2009年本篤十六世教宗曾經解除那四位主教所受的絕罰，並承諾給予他們所領導的反 對團體一定程度的自治權。 This quickly backfired when it was revealed that Williamson had alleged that no Jews were killed in gas chambers, that the US orchestrated the 9/11 terrorist attacks and that freemasons were conspiring to destroy Catholicism. 此事很快地就遭到了阻礙，這是因為威爾森公開宣稱沒有猶太人遭到毒氣室殺害，是美國 自導自演了911恐攻事件，還有共濟會正密謀毀滅天主教會，等失言。 The Vatican said at the time that Benedict had not been aware of Williamson’s views on the Holocaust. In 2012, Williamson was dismissed by the St Pius X fraternity in part because he disagreed with their willingness to communicate with Rome. Faure has also been ejected by the society and his ordination unrecognised. 梵諦岡方面很快的就說明本篤並未知悉威爾森對於納粹大屠殺的觀點。在2012年威爾森遭 到了聖庇護十世司鐸兄弟會的開除，其部分原因是因為他反對該組織與羅馬間開始的交流。 法爾也隨即因為其不明確的立場遭受開除。 “All the declarations of Bishop Williamson and Fr Faure prove abundantly that they no longer recognize the Roman authorities, except in a purely rhetorical manner,” the society said in a communique issued after his ordination. 「威爾森主教與法爾神父的所有言論，都在在證實他們已經不承認羅馬當局的權威了。」 就在此次的祝聖後該司鐸兄弟會很快地就發表了一次公開聲明。 In contrast to his predecessor, Pope Francis has paid little attention to the ultra-conservatives. 與他的前任不同的是，方濟各教宗並未在那些極端保守主義者上放太多注意力。 Williamson has declared that he does not intend to start a new society, but the movement has now created a new bishop and a priest, and Faure claimed that there were at least two bishops in the Society of St Pius X who sympathised with the self-styled “Resistance”. 威爾森曾說過他不會成立另一個兄弟會，然而如今該運動已經任命了一位主教與司鐸。而 法爾則宣稱至少兩位聖庇護十世兄弟會的主教同情他們這個獨立的「反抗運動」團體。 In conversation, the traditionalists appear to be hoping for a divine and dramatic intervention. Williamson, who describes himself as a “bloody-minded Brit”, has said he expects a “gigantic chastisement” such as Noah’s flood. 在某些談話中，這些傳統主義者似乎正期待著一些神聖且戲劇化的事件介入。威爾森，這 曾以「思維血腥的英國佬」自稱者，說他正期待某些好比諾厄大洪水般的「巨大懲罰」的 降臨。 Faure talks more of a coming third world war. “It would be horrible, but it would change the world. But the day after wouldn’t be like the day before,” Faure said, pointing to the conflicts in Ukraine, Syria and Iraq. “It would change many things in the world. It would be a new approach in many aspects and why not, in religion.” 法爾則是談過更多有關第三次世界大戰的事情。 「那也許會是可怕的一件事，但它會改變世界。在那之後，一切就會與以往不同“法爾說 ，並指出發生在烏克蘭、敘利亞以及伊拉克的衝突。 「這將改變世上的許多事物。它會在 許多方面帶來新的風氣。那麼，為什麼不也在宗教上來一下呢。」 For the moment, however, their group of roughly 55 rebel clergy has to rely on stubborn faith. 就在此刻，約有五十五位反叛的神職人員憑著堅強的信念參與這一組織。 René Trincado, a priest from Chile, who was expelled from the Society of St Pius X in 2013 because he opposed an accord with the Vatican, is among those at the Santa Cruz monastery, which he described as the base of the resistance operations in Brazil. “We’re not afraid of excommunication. It has no validity,” he said. 勒內．崔坎度，一名來自智利的司鐸，他曾於2013年因為反對聖庇護十世司鐸兄弟會與梵 蒂岡間的協議而遭到開除，他也參與了在聖克魯茲修道院的事件，他將此稱為巴西的抵抗 事業的基礎。 「我們不怕自科絕罰。它沒有效力，」他說。 Additional reporting by Shanna Hanbury http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/apr/01/brazil-breakaway-catholics-rebel-against-pope-santa-cruz-monastery http://ppt.cc/CfqB ======================== 總結 與醒報說法不同的是 此事件SSPX沒有參與其中(至少公開的層面沒有 且此活動參與者不少都是被SSPX開除者 此外法爾被非法與自科絕罰後還嘗試行使主教的司鐸授品職權 然後威爾斯與法爾根本瘋瘋癲癲的 至少在對未來天災的寄託上 -- 「親愛的Twilight,關於友誼妳還有一些該學習的東西」 　　 -Princess Celestia 「我自由了」 　　 -Discord 「很不幸地，我，是Alicorn」 　　 -Princess Twilight --

※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 219.85.98.16 ※ 文章網址: https://webptt.com/m.aspx?n=bbs/Catholic/M.1428346342.A.714.html ※ 編輯: Pietro (219.85.98.16), 04/07/2015 02:54:38 ※ Pietro:轉錄至看板 IA 04/07 02:54 ※ 編輯: Pietro (219.85.98.16), 04/07/2015 02:57:16