※ 引述《heeroyu (台大宅神)》之铭言： : 过去不少西方与东方历史学家都提出过横扫罗马的匈王阿提拉与他的部族匈人 : 可能源自於被汉朝打败而西迁的匈奴。但是，这个观点因为间隔年代的史料空白太大，也 : 几乎无任何中西方的史料可以佐证，而只能是假说。 : 近年来拜基因科技的发展之赐，死人骨头已经可以用来做基因定序，来确定其祖先来源。 : 在2022年欧洲终於出版了一篇对於匈人(Huns)、阿瓦尔人(Avars)及匈牙利(马札尔)征服 : 者的移民遗骸进行的大型基因(DNA)研究报告。研究的结论是匈人(Huns)与阿瓦尔人 : (Avars)的祖先确实可以追溯到蒙古。也就是过去西方与东方历史学家主张的的匈人阿提 : 拉可能源自於东方匈奴的说法，是符合基因研究的结果的。 当年也是有"基因" 定出来的结果是"非" 的。 不管你定出来的结果是哪一个，都改变不了，中国人说哪是匈奴人的国度。 而这个国度，欧洲人称为Huns。 然後中国人开始讲，中国人打败匈奴人，匈奴人败走後去打败罗马人。 然後泛欧洲人，就开始了DNA 之旅，东拉西扯。 最後出了一个，嗯, DNA 证实，这两个是"没有关系的"。 你的胸是你的胸，我的不哪麽胸。 我说: 这不就是拿明朝的剑来斩清朝的官? 你用你的定义来盖过古人的定义。然後说我有DNA 实证。 正如WIKI 上的阿兰人，做了三次，共15具样本。 --

※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc), 来自: 36.226.161.13 (台湾) ※ 文章网址: https://webptt.com/cn.aspx?n=bbs/historia/M.1685861870.A.BD9.html 咦!! 有看懂呢。哪之前说没关系的呢? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origin_of_the_Huns https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%8C%88%E4%BA%BA%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B 匈人被一些学者认为是古代中国文献中记载的匈奴，但学术界目前还没有形成 一致的看法。 根据秦汉时的汉籍史料等文献记载，当时匈奴活跃於中国北疆境外及中亚的准噶尔盆地、 塔里木盆地、中亚河中地区和图兰地区。 其战斗力和机动性较高，使他们在与对方作战中 经常占有优势，尤其在与一些农耕文明的民族作战时。 後来匈奴於东汉初期屡被鲜卑、 南匈奴、东汉打败後，匈奴的一分支北匈奴於155年被鲜卑沉重打击下，最终於158年 被丁零击败之後开始西迁到图兰地区。 有人认为他们就是於372年左右进入了欧洲的匈人的祖先。 现代中文书籍有时也把他们称为「匈奴人」，但他们和中国古代的匈奴是否有血缘关系或 系同一民族尚无定论。 但是在2006年，法国和匈牙利遗传学者利用2300年前的古代匈奴 贵族屍体，与现在在蒙古地区的蒙古人群体、雅库特人群体、以及现代安纳托利亚的 土耳其人群体，进行的Y染色体和粒线体、常染色体DNA分析。 结果表明，古代匈奴和当代蒙古人群为延续世系，而现代土耳其人与 蒙古人更多的是文化和语言学上的交流而非基因上的交流。 匈奴人和西伯利亚的雅库特人也没有血缘关系。日本学者杉山正明认为 ，匈奴是由多民族与多人种混合结盟所形成的国家，不是民族或人种的称呼。 匈人继承了这个国家名称。认为这两个民族系出同源的最主要证据是北匈奴西迁和三百年 後在欧洲出现的匈人时间上的吻合。 真的是没辨法和中文不好又自认秀才的人讲什麽。CELL不CELL的。 其它的中文程度不好的，就不好意思罗。 给你们英文吧，如果连英文也看不懂的， 哪也没辨法了。 In a genetic study of individuals from the around the Tian Shan mountains of central Asia dating from the late second century CE, Damgaard et al. 2018 found that these individuals represented a population of mixed East Asian and West Eurasian origin. They argued that this population descended from Xiongnu who expanded westward and mixed with Iranian Sakas.[84] This population in the Tian Shan mountains may be connected to the European Huns by individual burials that contains objects stylistically related to those used by the European Huns, although this could be a sign of the exchange of goods and the connections between elites rather than a sign of migration.[74] A genetic study published in Scientific Reports in November 2019 led by Neparáczki Endre had examined the remains of three males from three separate 5th century Hunnic cemeteries in the Pannonian Basin. They were found to be carrying the paternal haplogroups Q1a2, R1b1a1b1a1a1 and R1a1a1b2a2.[85] In modern Europe, Q1a2 is rare and has its highest frequency among the Székelys. All of the Hunnic males studied were determined to have had brown eyes and black or brown hair, and to have been of mixed European and East Asian ancestry.[86] The results were consistent with a Xiongnu origin of the Huns.[87] However, Savelyev & Jeong et al. 2020 reports while there is East Eurasian genetics detected in the Huns, no ancient genome from the Carpathian basin has been reported to test the Eastern Eurasian genetic connection, but such a conclusion was also based on the lack of Xiongnu archaeogenetics samples. At the same time, the Western Eurasian population connected with various Indo-European languages of Europe (Germanic and Ossetic, in particular) played a crucial role in the formation of Huns. Many of the Huns' names suggest they were European locally and have no connection with Turkic speakers. While the Huns do have some steppe ancestry there isn't even enough evidence to directly link the Huns only with the Xiongnu.[1] In the same year Keyser et al. 2020 examined 52 Xiongnu skeletal remains and found that the Xiongnu shared paternal (R1a1a1b2a-Z94, R1a1a1b2a2-Z2124, Q1a and N1a) and maternal haplotypes with the Huns, and suggested on this basis that the Huns were descended from Xiongnu, who they in turn suggested were descended from Scytho-Siberians.[88] Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021 found that an elite Hun with Y-DNA haplogroup R1a1a1b-Z645 from mid-4th century Hungary closely clustered with a same century Hun from Western Kazakhstan and the Xianbei Hun from Berel with ancient northeast Asian (ANA) groups.[89] The next year, Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2022 examined a 5th century male from Hungary, he belonged to paternal R1a1a1b2a2b2-Y57 and maternal haplogroup H5, and mostly had West Eurasian origin.[90] Maróti et al. 2022 sequenced 9 skeletal remains from 4-5th century Hungary, two out of seven men carried R1a1a1b2a2a3c-Z94 (rare in Europe but more common in Asia) while others carried subclades of Q-M242, as well as subclades of R1a1a (common in Eastern and Northwestern Europe).[91] According to it, the genetic data is in accordance with interdisciplinary sources as confirming theories of Xiongnu/Hunnic origin from modern-day Mongolia and their subsequent mixing with Scythians/Sarmatians and Germanics/Goths after traveling toward Europe. ※ 编辑: Lordaeron (36.226.161.13 台湾), 06/05/2023 06:32:12 ※ 编辑: Lordaeron (36.226.161.13 台湾), 06/05/2023 06:46:55