※ 引述《china2025 (2025全面小康)》之铭言： : http://www.iep.utm.edu/brainvat/#H2 : The Brain in a Vat Argument : The Brain in a Vat thought-experiment is most commonly used to illustrate : global or Cartesian skepticism. You are told to imagine the possibility : that at this very moment you are actually a brain hooked up to a sophisticated : computer program that can perfectly simulate experiences of the outside : world. Here is the skeptical argument. If you cannot now be sure that you : are not a brain in a vat, then you cannot rule out the possibility that : all of your beliefs about the external world are false. Or, to put it in : terms of knowledge claims, we can construct the following skeptical argument. : ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ : Let “P” stand for any belief or claim about the external world, say, : that snow is white. : ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ : 1. If I know that P, then I know that I am not a brain in a vat : 2. I do not know that I am not a brain in a vat : 3. Thus, I do not know that P. : 以上是节录一段网站桶中脑的文章 : 我觉得premise1 是个有问题的句子 : premise1: If I know that P, then I know that I am not a brain in a vat : 请问大家 "如果我知道P 那麽我不是桶中脑" 这句为甚麽会成立? : 我看了版上关於桶中脑的讨论 都没有人质疑Putnam 我觉得很奇怪 确实怪怪的 not sure => can not rule out the possibility that P is false 逆反命题为 can rule out the possibility => sure 就算能确认P是对的，也只能sure BIV or not. 有可能他是知道外界知识、但现在在桶中脑状态的人。 但我想他想表达的是 前提：桶中脑经历的一切不可称为真实， 1.如果我确定知道了真实，我就确定不是桶中脑 2.我不确定我是否为桶中脑 3.因此，我不确定我知道了真实。 而且要加个条件，知道真实者，不可成为桶中脑。 : ※ 引述《aletheia (HERESY)》之铭言： : : 桶中大脑（BIV）。 : : 常被用来当作反对外在世界存在的例子。 : : 就形上学来说，BIV的确反对形上学的实在论(MR) : : 但以知识论来说，BIV不反对知识论上的实在论(ER) : : 何解？ --

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