最近上课有提到Why does the author mention xxx, 的题目，答案就在前面，J2发现很 多同学会误解成所以就是「看上一句就好，所以用这篇文章好好解释一下。 大家先试试以下这题： Parental care improves the chances of offspring survival in various ways. Parents may shield the eggs from predators or illnesses, or ensure that aquatic eggs receive enough oxygen. Since the land environment is not suitable for the soft, jelly-like eggs of amphibians or tadpoles, parental actions are crucial to prevent them from drying out. In some species, parents help by releasing water from their bladder onto the eggs. Parents may turn the eggs, helping to avoid developmental problems. Why does the author mention that in some frog species “Parents may turn the eggs”? A)o illustrate a behavior of parent frogs that can prevent damage to eggs from drying out B)o support the idea that terrestrial environment is not hospitable to amphibian offspring C)o give an example of parental care that can increase the survivorship of offspring D)o explain what happens when a parent releases water onto the eggs 继续回答这个题目之前，我们可以先想想我们一般讲话逻辑就好。通常在叙述事情时，是 先阐述一个概念/主题，然後为了帮助读者更容易理解，而举例子/故事等等来佐证，我们 来看一个简单的例子： 成功往往来自於良好的规划和持续的努力。就像种树一样，当我们种下一棵树苗时，并不 是立刻就能看到它茁壮成长，而是需要日复一日地浇水、施肥、修剪，才能让它逐渐长成 参天大树。 如果题目问：为什麽这里作者要提到「浇水、施肥、修剪?」 这个时候，你不会觉得因为「这是种树要做的事吧？」 而是作者最想要表达的重点是「成功往往来自於良好的规划和持续的努力」，举了种树来 解释要持续的努力，小树苗才会长成一棵大树。 就是一个这麽简单的概念而已。 同理，回到上面这题， Parental care improves the chances of offspring survival in various ways. Parents may shield the eggs from predators or illnesses, or ensure that aquatic eggs receive enough oxygen. Since the land environment is not suitable for the soft, jelly-like eggs of amphibians or tadpoles, parental actions are crucial to prevent them from drying out. In some species, parents help by releasing water from their bladder onto the eggs. Parents may turn the eggs, helping to avoid developmental problems. 有同学认为Parents may turn the eggs, 是因为前面的In some species, parents help by releasing water from their bladder onto the eggs. 但整体看下来，应该会 发现，其实作者是举了很多例子来佐证、支持第一句话Parental care improves the chances of offspring survival “in various ways.” 我们可以稍微把这段文章加一点同学们最爱的transition words, 就可以更理解了。 [ ]内的字表额外加上去的transition word: Parental care improves the chances of offspring survival in various ways.[First,] parents may shield the eggs from predators or illnesses, or ensure that aquatic eggs receive enough oxygen. [Second,] since the land environment is not suitable for the soft, jelly-like eggs of amphibians or tadpoles, parental actions are crucial to prevent them from drying out. [Plus,] in some species, parents help by releasing water from their bladder onto the eggs. [Additionally,] parents may turn the eggs, helping to avoid developmental problems. 也就是说，作者为了要阐述 “Parental care improves the chances of offspring survival in various ways.” 这个主题/概念，用了四个例子佐证，分别是： 1) parents may shield the eggs from predators or illnesses, or ensure that aquatic eggs receive enough oxygen; 2) Since the land environment is not suitable for the soft, jelly-like eggs of amphibians or tadpoles, parental actions are crucial to prevent them from drying out; 3) In some species, parents help by releasing water from their bladder onto the eggs; 4) Parents may turn the eggs, helping to avoid developmental problems. 藏的很隐密，对吧？托福的文章，或是一般报章杂志文章像是我最常举的国家地理的文章 ，大部分都长得像这样，就是把transition words去掉的感觉。所以同学在读的时候，如 果有这样的概念，其实就只是再把这些transition words加上去看，或是像上面直接变成 bull-point的方式看，就会变得很简单了！ 那我们再回到原本题目，Why does the author mention that in some frog species “ Parents may turn the eggs”? A)o illustrate a behavior of parent frogs that can prevent damage to eggs from drying out B)o support the idea that terrestrial environment is not hospitable to amphibian offspring C)o give an example of parental care that can increase the survivorship of offspring D)o explain what happens when a parent releases water onto the eggs 这样同学们应该就不会傻傻的选到A)o illustrate a behavior of parent frogs that can prevent damage to eggs from drying out 这个选项了吧？因为我们很 清楚作者的目的是要举例补充说明 “Parental care improves the chances of offspring survival in various ways.” 而不是要针对前句作解释。 所以答案是：C)o give an example of parental care that can increase the survivorship of offspring 这样目的题，你会做了吗？ 总结： 其实只要文章有看懂，绝对会知道作者的目的的，根本不需要任何什麽「答案就在前面一 句的」技巧。只是一般来说，会是前面的重点，很多情况下是前一句，但不会刚好每次都 是前一句，用这样的方式做题，是本末倒置的，并不明白文章的意思，或是段落目的，违 背原本托福阅读的意义了。 目的题做错，千万千万不要看详解，请再重新看过一次文章，相信自己，只要文章懂了， 你一定可以知道作者目的是什麽。 *** 最近J2开始在使用机经题目设计新的考前冲刺抱佛脚题库班，除了每天有题目练习，也会 有像上面这样的超完整详解，敬请期待！ Till next time, J2 --

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