请参考 Keith Lehrer, "Why Not Skepticism?" 第62页 IV部分 :) Lehrer指出我们有可能弄错自己的感觉及意识状态， 而我持反对意见，至少有某些感觉经验是不会错的。 There are some beliefs about one's mental state must be true, while still others may be mistaken. To illustrate a false belief about one's mental state, we can image a dead drunk person who firmly believes that he is well conscious. However, consider a person who claims an intense pain. Tortured with the unendurable pain, he goes to a doctor, who finds nothing wrong at all after extremely careful and complete examining the patient's physical and psychological state. Could the doctor assert that the patient is wrong and actually doesn't pain? No. We can concede that what causes the pain is unknown, but there is no denying that he FEELS pain (assuming the patient is honest.) It is beliefs of subjective feelings that need no justificatory arguments to support. Indeed, we are fallible in finding the explanation of the pain, since we may allege the pain is caused by something when it is not. Nevertheless, if a person believes that he pains, it is true and justified that he pains. -- 问题不在於「他们能推理吗？」， 也不是「他们能说话吗？」， 而是「他们会感受到痛苦吗？」。 －《动物解放》 --

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