课程名称︰ 总体经济学二 课程性质︰ 必修 课程教师︰ 梁明义 开课学院： 社会科学院 开课系所︰ 经济系 考试日期（年月日）︰ 2014年6月16日 考试时限（分钟）： 9:25 ~ 11:40 (後来增加时间至12:05) 是否需发放奖励金： 是 试题 : 1.(15%) (a)(9%) 说明中央银行用来改变货币数量的 3 个 tools。为何中央银行无法 control the money supply "precisely"？ (b)(6%) 说明 Baumol 所提出的 theory of the demand for money。这个数学模型跟原 始的凯因斯 theory of the demand for money 比较起来，有什麽重要的「启 示」？ 2.(20%) (a)(5%) 说明「重货币学派 (monetarists)」的主要看法与「信息」。为何这套看法会 被称为「重」货币学派？ (b)(5%) Identiry and describe the five main types of lags that affect the timeliness of monetary and fiscal policy。 (c)(5%) 什麽是 "The Great Moderation"？依 Gordon 看法，was the Fed responsible for the Great Moderation？ (d)(5%) 说明 the Taylor rule 与 the "inflation targeting" rule。 3.(20%) M. Friedman 在「货币政策」("The Role of Monetary Policy") 与「消费含数 」 ("A Theory of the Consumption Function") 两个不同领域的着作影响颇大 大，常被推崇为「第 4 个」影响最大的经济学家。 (a)(5%) Friedman 所提出的这两套不同的理论都用到 Adaptive Expectations (AE)。 试说明 AE 的观念以及 AE 在这两套理论中所扮演的角色。 R. Lucas 如何批 评 AE 而试着要提出怎样「改良的」 expectation formulation？ (b)(5%) Friedman 提出 Permanent Income Hypothesis 是要针对凯因斯的「基本心理 法则」做怎样的「修正」？要表达怎样的「信息」？ (c)(5%) Suppose that Mary goes to work at age 23, earns on average $30,000 a year for 42 years. She inherits $300,000 when she starts working. She expects to live to be 83. Calculate on average how much Mary consumes per year, the ratio of her annual consumption to annual income, and her annual saving rate. Now suppose Mary learns that she can expect to live to be 88. Compute her new annual consumption, as well as the new ratio of annual consumption to annual income, and her new annual saving rate. (d)(5%) 美国的 personal saving rate fell from 1992 to 2005 and then rebounded 。试问 Gordon 觉得怎样的理论可解释这个现象？ 4.(15%) (a)(5%) 说明 the Acceleration Hypothesis of Investment Behavior。为何称之 "Acceleratior"？此理论隐含「投资」是稳定或不稳定？ (b)(5%) What are the three tools of fiscal policy that can be used to influence the level of investment? What are the limitations to using tax incentives as a tool of activist fiscal policy? (c)(5%) According to the theory first presented in Chapter 3 and developed further in Chapter 16, the interest rate and investment are negatively related. Yet both business investment and interest rates tend to fluctuate procyclically, that is, are at their highest levels when the economy is at a high output level. Can you explain the paradox? 5.(15%) (a)(5%) In what ways are the Friedman-Phelps "fooling" model and the Lucas model similar? In what ways do they differ? Explain why critis of the Friedman-Phelps and Lucas models argue that those models fail to provide a satisfactory explanation of business cycle。 (b)(5%) In what ways are the origianl Keynesian model and the new Keynesian model similar? In what ways do they differ? (c)(5%) 说明 Gordon 对 RBC model 的 assessment。 6.(15%) (a)(8%) 「外在环境资源」、「传统文化」与「历史变动」等因素塑造出台湾总体经济 一些可说是全世界各国中很少见的「特徵」。试问这些「特徵」是甚麽？它们 如何影响台湾受到第一次能源危机所引发的冲击？ (b)(7%) 您觉得中国大陆也具有这些「特徵」的程度如何？从这些「特徵」的角度试分 析中国大陆受到 2008 金融风暴的影响。 --

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