课程名称︰物理化学一 课程性质︰必修 课程教师︰戴梓安 开课学院：工学院 开课系所︰化工系 考试日期（年月日）︰100/1/9 考试时限（分钟）：180 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : 1.(40points) Explain the following terms or physical phenomena. Use grapgs if necessary. (a)Plot the Givvs energy vs. extent of reaction, for a reaction that goes nearly to completion and indicate its corresponding reactionn Gibbs energy on the plot (b)For a simple gas reaction A=B, plot the Gibbs energy on the plot. (c)Consider an endothermic reaction A=B and the density levels in B are much greater than those in A. Explain at the equilibrium why B molecules can be dominant based on Boltzmann's theorem. (d)Explain how pressure affects equilibrium composition for a reaction. (e)Explain how pressure affects the melting and boiling points for a pure species. (f)Based on the Ehrenfest classification, plot u,V,H,S,Cp as a function of temperature for the first order tramsition. (g)Explain how the activity of a liquid in a mixure can be determined. (h)Plot phase diagram in terms of T vs composition for a binary solution that shows a positive deviation from Raoult's law. (i)For a nicotine/water mixure, explain why the system shows both LCST and UCST. (j)Calculat the pressure differential of water across the surface of a spherical droplet of radius 100nm @ 25 degree C. (Surface tension for water us 71.97 mN/m) 2.(10points)@ 2000 degree C, water is 2% dissociated into oxygen and hydrogen at a total pressure @ 1bar. (a)Calculate the equilibrium constant K for H2O=H2+ (1/2)O2 (all gas) (b)Will the extent of reaction increase or decrease if the pressure is reduced? (c)how if argon gas is addedm hold total pressure equal to 1bar? (d)how if the pressure if raised by addition of argon at constant volume to the closed system containing partially dissociated water vapor? 3.(15points)The shells of marine organisms contain calcium carbonate CaCO3, largely in a crystalline form known as calcite. There is a second crystalline for of calcium carbonate known as aragonite. Physical and thermodynamics properties of calcite and aragonite are given below. (a)Based on the data given, would you expect an isolated sample of calcite @298 K and P=1 bar to convert to aragonite, given sufficient time?Explain. (b)What pressure must be achieved to induce the conversion of calcite to aragonite @ T=298 K. Assume both forms are imcompressible @ T=298 K. Calcite Aragonite deltaH 1206.9 1207.0 (kJ/mol) deltaG -1128.8 -1127.7 (kJ/mol) S 92.9 88.7 (J/K*mol) Cp 81.9 81.3 (J/K*mol) Density 2.71 2.93 (g/cm^3) 未完待续，明天放。 -- 夜饮东坡醒复醉，归来彷佛三更。家僮鼻息已雷鸣，敲门都不应，倚杖听江声。 长恨此身非我有，何时忘却营营？夜阑风静縠纹平，小舟从此逝，江海寄余生。 --

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