课程名称︰经济学原理与实习一 课程性质︰必修/A5通识 课程教师︰王道一 开课学院：社会科学院 开课系所︰经济系 考试日期（年月日）︰98.01.05 考试时限（分钟）：10:20-12:10 (110mins) 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : 一.选择题(30%) 1.Jane decides to open her own business and earn $50,000 in accounting profit the first year. When deciding to open her own business she turned down three separate job offers with annual salaries of $30,000, $40,000, and $45,000. What is Jane's economic profit from running her own business? A.$-65,000 B.$5,000 C.$45,000 D.$20,000 2.If there is an increase in the market demend in a perfectly competitive market, then in the short run A.there will be no change in the demend curves faced by individual firms in the market. B.the demend curves for the firm will shift downward. C.the demend curves for the firm will become more elastic. D.profit will rise. 3.Additional firm often do not try to compete with a natural monopoly because A.the fear retaliation in the form of pricing wars from the natural monopolist. B.they are unsure of the size of the market in general. C.they know they cannot achieve the same low costs that the monopolist enjoys. D.the natural monopoly doesn't make a huge profit. 4.Very often, the reason that players can solve the prisoners' dilemma and reach the most profitable outcome is that A.each player tries to capture a large portion of the market share. B.the player play the game not once but many times. C.the game becomes more competitive. D.self interest results in Nash equilibrium which is the best outcome for the players. 5.Senator Hubris wants to pass a law that would require all monopolistically competitive firms to operate at their effecient scale. If this law were to pass and be enforced, we would expect that monopolisticlly competitive firms would A.see their profits increase. B.break even. C.lose money. D.not really be affected by the law. 6.When we focus on the firm as a supplier of a good or a service, we assume that the firm is a profit maximizer. When we focus on the firm as a demander of labor, we assume that the firm's objective is to A.minimize wage. B.minimize variable costs. C.maximize the number of workers hired. D.maximize profit. 7.When a profit-maximizing firm in a monopolisticlly competitive market is in long-run equilibrium, A.the demend curve will be perfectly elastic. B.price exceed marginal cost. C.marginal cost must be falling. D.marginal revenue exceeds marginal cost. 8.As a group, oligopolists would always earn the highest profit if they would A.produce the perfectly competitive quantity of output. B.produce more than the perfectly competitive quantity of output. C.charge the same price that a monopolist would charge if the market were a monopoly. D.operate according to their own individual self-interest. 9.(图表题) 10.The fundamental reason that marginal cost eventually rises as output increase is because of A.economic of scale. B.diseconomic of scale. C.diminishing marginal product. D.rising average fixed cost. 二.计算与问答题(70%) 1.星久克为饼乾市场中众多厂商之一，此产业已达长期均衡状态。 (1)请在座标平面上展现星久克的均衡状态[你需要画需求线、边际收益曲线、平均总成 本线与边际成本曲线]，并标示最大利润产量与价格；(10%) Hint:请判断星久克适用於我们所学过的哪一种市场经济。 (2)星久克是否存在利率？请解释；(5%) (3)请标示对应有效规模下之产量；(5%) (4)请标示社会效率产量；(5%) (5)星久克公司是否需要编列广告预算，请简略说明。(5%) 2.完全竞争、独占与寡占市场之最适产量决定。 假定某市场对商品的需求如表2所示。此外，假定厂商生产产品之边际成本为零。 (1)试求算完全竞争市场下之最适产量；(5%) (2)假设该市场的厂商完全被一家特定厂商整合，进而形成独占市场，试求算独占市场下 之最适产量；(5%) (3)若该独占市场被两家厂商所平均瓜分，试求算寡占市场下个别厂商(厂商1与厂商2)之 均衡数量，以及求算寡占市场下之总产量；(10%) (4)假设某一新厂商进入市场，并与原本之两家既有厂商瓜分市场产量，试求算寡占市场 下个别厂商(厂商1、厂商2与厂商3)之均衡数量，，以及求算寡占市场下之总产量。 (10%) 表2: 产量 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 价格 ($) 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 总收益与 总利润($) 0 275 500 675 800 875 900 875 800 675 500 275 0 3.根据个人特质讯息传递观点，接受教育与否是否会改善个人的生产力，请简略说明。 (5%) 4.你对经济学这门课有何感想？(5%) --

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