课程名称︰普通化学甲(下) 课程性质︰物理系大一必带 课程教师︰陆骏逸 开课学院：理学院 开课系所︰物理系 考试日期（年月日）︰99/04/21 考试时限（分钟）：120分钟 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : 1.(25 pts)Write down the definitions of (a)gas temperature (b)absolute temperature (c)ideal gas (d)thermodynamic entropy (e)Boltzmann's entropy 2.(15 pts)18g H2O melts from ice to liquid at the room temperature T=300K From the data you remember calculate the work and the heat to estimate the entropy change of the surrounding. (kB=1.38*10^-23J/K) 3.(10 pts)When the chemical reaction A+B＝C+D finally reaches the equilibrium , one has the condition K=[C][D]/[A][B]. From the thermodynamic point of view, why does the equilibrium condition appears as the product of the concentration (rather than, say addition or other combination of the consentration) ? (＝表示正逆反应) 4.(15 pts)When the chemical reaction A+B＝C+D reaches the equilibrium in a very high concentration (inside a living cell for example), how to modify K=[C][D]/[A][B] to include the effect of the finite molecule sizes ? 5.(20 pts)In a Einstein model of the solid, each atom vibrates around the crystal lattice point. The allowed energy levels are En=(n+1/2)hν for each direction (for example x,y,z). Calculate the internal energy for N atoms. Show that its specific heat becomes very small at the low temperature, and it is also consistant with the Dulong-Petit law. 6.(20 pts)Van Der Waal's model predicts a gas liquid transition. When the temperture and the volume are controlled suitably, one can study the coexisting gas/liquid phases. The free energy is as below where a,b are constant. Without the detailed calculation, outline the procedure to calculate the entropy (per mole) for the coexisting gas and coexisting liquid. Draw thea qualitative picture to illustrate the entropy difference as the function of the temperature. F = 3/2NkT - NT [k ln(T^3/2 * (V-Nb)/N) + So ] - aNkT *N/V --

※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 61.216.1.37