来源: The New York Times 网址: https://tinyurl.com/y9prabsj The Mavericks’ Key to Keeping Players Fresh? Blood Samples 独行侠如何保持球员健康？抽血检查 DALLAS — Whether they are trying to keep their 34-year-old playmaker Jose Juan Barea spry or aiming to help their 19-year-old phenom Luka Doncic dodge the infamous rookie wall, the Dallas Mavericks turn to the same resource: A blood test. 不管独行侠是要试着要保持他们34岁老将Juan Barea精力充沛，抑或是要帮助他们19岁的 新秀Luka Doncic避免菜鸟撞墙期，他们会用同一个方式: 抽血检查。 It is not just any blood test. The Mavericks import frequent testing from the Irish company Orreco, which is in its third season making personalized recommendations for Mavericks players regarding athletic workloads and diets, largely through the study of blood analysis. 这不是随便甚麽抽血检查。独行侠引进了一家爱尔兰公司Orreco做了许多检查，这是他们 第三年藉由研究血液检查结果对个别球员提供有关运动量及饮食方面的建议。 Although some in the sports medicine community have questioned whether the value of such blood work is overstated, Dallas leans heavily on Orreco’s team of consultants and their assessments of how to maximize player-readiness. 虽然一些运动医学界里的人认为这样的血液检查的价值是不是言过其实，但是独行侠非常 借重Orreco谘询专家以及他们对於如何强化球员的准备程度的评估。 “All the things N.B.A. teams talk about — players’ minutes, their load, their tracking data, their camera data — all of that is external data used to try to predict what’s going on internally,” said Casey Smith, the head of Dallas’s athletic training staff. “What we’re doing is trying to get a little bit of a look at what’s actually going on internally.” 「所有球队都在讨论--球员的上场时间，工作量，球场上的跑动轨迹，影像资料等--所有 球员的外在资料试着拿来预测球员身体内到底发生甚麽事情，」独行侠体能训练主管Casey Smith说。「而我们现在做的是试着去看一下他们的身体到底是怎样的状况。」 Dallas is one of just two N.B.A. teams, along with the Knicks, to hire Orreco, which proposes customized remedies to combat fatigue and tries to identify increased risk for injury and illness by obtaining a range of data from players’ blood and feeding it into machine-learning programs. 独行侠是除了纽约尼克以外另外一支NBA球队聘请Orreco，藉由从球员血液中获取的资料， 利用机器自主学习程式，提供客制化套餐给球员，好与疲劳奋战，并找出可能增加受伤跟 生病的危险因子。 Taking cues from Orreco’s findings, Smith and Jeremy Holsopple, the Mavericks ’ athletic performance director, tailor an mix of training, rest and recovery for each of Dallas’s 17 players. The Mavericks' owner, Mark Cuban, said the team pays Orreco nearly $150,000 per year. 而藉由Orreco所提供的发现，独行侠体能表现主管Casey Smith跟Jeremy Hosopple则会为 17位球员量身订做个别的训练，休息，以及恢复时间的菜单。独行侠老板Mark Cuban说球 队每年付近15万镁给Orreco。 No Maverick has embraced this process more than Barea, who understands all too well that fatigued players face an increased risk of soft-tissue injuries. 独行侠球员里没有人像Barea更接受这样的过程了，他非常知道疲惫会增加软组织受伤的机 率。 Two seasons ago, amid worrisome forecasts from what Smith referred to as “ the numbers” Orreco provides, Barea tore a calf muscle in a November 2016 game against Boston. 两季之前，主管Smith说Orreco提供的一些"数字"预测了令人忧心，而後Barea在2016年11 月在面对青赛的时候小腿就受到撕裂伤。 Ever since, Barea has proactively sought updates on his levels of oxidative stress (worrisome as they get higher) and white blood cell counts (which can indicate illness or infection when they spike or indicate less immune prevention as they get lower). 从那之後，Barea就一直很积极在追踪他的氧化压力(Oxidative Stress，当数值高的时候 需要担心)以及白血球数目(可能代表有疾病或感染)。 This season, Barea is playing some of his best basketball (averaging 10.9 points and 5.7 assists in just 19.8 minutes per game) and said he is “having more fun than ever” while carefully adhering to the suggestions Smith gives based off Orreco’s data. 这一季，Barea表现出他的最佳表现(平均每次上场打19.8分钟，场均10.9分，5.7次助 攻)，他也说在小心配合Smith依据Orreco给的资料所提出的建议後，"打球打的比以前都还 要来的开心"。 “I like it,” Barea said. “At this point in my career, you have to work more on the body. They let me know what’s going on — like what you need to eat or what you need to stop eating. I want the feedback.” 「我很喜欢，」Barea说。「生涯走到现在这个阶段，我们得要更注重身体，他们让我知道 我现在身体的状况--像是我该吃甚麽或是我应该不要吃甚麽的--我想要有回馈。」 Four times a season, Orreco staff members come to Dallas to administer a full venous blood draw on Mavericks players. To supplement those visits, Dallas mixes in frequent capillary blood draws for its players in which a quick pinprick sample is taken to provide near-instant readings of oxidative stress levels in the blood from a player’s ear or index finger. 每季四次，Orreco的成员会到达拉斯去抽球员的血液，做整套的检查。除了那四次的大检 查，独行侠会在那期间穿插很多次微血管抽血，在球员身上刺一下，像是在球员的耳朵或 是食指，就可以即时得知球员的氧化压力程度。 League rules allow players to opt out of any blood testing if they find the procedures too invasive, but the team says only one Maverick, whom they declined to identify, had done so. 联盟准许球员，若是认为某些措施太过侵入性，球员可以选择拒绝抽血，不过目前只有一 个独行侠球员没有接受这检查。 “It’s your health, so it’s your decision,” Smith said. 「健康是你的，所以你自己决定，」Smith说。 The samples, according to the Orreco co-founder Dr. Brian Moore, enable the firm to analyze a player’s hematology and biochemistry by assessing nearly 50 biomarkers. 根据Orreco的创办人之一Brian Moore的说法，他们会藉由分析这些检体内近50种生物标记 来判断球员的血液及生化方面的状况。 This includes examining creatine kinase to assess muscle damage and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein to measure inflammation — two areas of particular concern for basketball players because of the nature of their on-court movements. Hydration and nutrition indicators — such as vitamin D levels, and iron and fatty acid profiles — are among the additional variables analyzed to determine where each player lands on a four-zone “ readiness to perform” index. 里面包括测量肌酸磷化酵素(Creatine kinase)去评估肌肉损伤程度；高敏感度C反应蛋白 去测量发炎状况--两方面都跟篮球员非常有关系，考虑到他们在球场上的运动状况。另 外，像是水含量及营养状况--维他命D浓度，铁及各类脂肪酸状态--以及其他的其他因素综 合评估後，会把球员结果用4个面向来表示球员"体能表现准备度"(Readiness to perform)。 Along with the biomarker panels, Orreco’s algorithms also take into account game minutes, air miles traveled, sleep data and reaction times that are obtained from wearable devices used during practices. 除了生物标记外，Orreco公司的运算模式利用球员身上所穿戴的可携式产品所记录下来的 资料，像是比赛时间，飞行距离，睡眠资料以及反应时间等都一并考量。 The rules that allow players to opt out of blood testing are in place because regulating how teams use biometrics and the data such research produces — specifically whether the data belongs to the teams, players or the league itself — remains an evolving point of concern throughout the N.B.A. As a safeguard amid the rise of wearable technology in practice sessions, league policy threatens fines of up to $250,000 per team for the misuse of biometric data. 但是，因为目前规范球队如何使用球员的生物资料做研究使用，尤其这类资料的所有权是 归属球队，球员，还是联盟，目前都还没有确定，所以允许球员不接受血液检测的规定仍 旧适用。但是为了因应可携式电子产品在练习时间的使用，联盟设了一个规定，若是球队 不当使用这些生物资料将会罚款，最高可到25万镁。 Yet Smith insists that the collaboration with Orreco has improved the Mavericks’ ability to track the onset of illness and keep players “more available” for games. In the 2016-17 season, according to data maintained by InStreetClothes.com, a website that tracks injuries in the N.B.A., Dallas players missed only four games due to illness — less than half the league average of 8.5. 然而，Smith认为与Orreco的合作改善了独行侠对於追踪球员生病的状况以及保持球员更有 机会上场比赛。在2016-17球季，根据InStreetClothes网站的资料，他们追踪NBA所有球员 的受伤状况，独行侠球员只有四场因为生病没办法上场--比联盟平均8.5低了一半以上。 The Mavericks then lost a league-low zero games to illness last season, when the league average was 7.1 games per team, according to the site. 去年独行侠则是联盟最低，没有一场是因为生病没办法打球的，而去年联盟平均是每队约 7.1场比赛。 “Does that mean we win more games?” Smith said. “Not necessarily. But it gives us a better shot.” 「那代表我们会赢更多比赛吗？」Smith说。「那不见得，但是那至少给我们更多的机 会。」 Still, with the sports and fitness world littered with treatments not supported by vetted published studies, some independent experts have their doubts. 然而，运动健身圈里充斥着各种没有研究论文支持的治疗方式，一些专家们对此有所怀 疑。 Dr. Anthony Romeo, the chief of orthopedics at the Rothman Institute in New York and a former team physician for the Chicago White Sox who also worked with the Chicago Bulls, said he would maintain “a healthy level of skepticism ” about Orreco’s work until it reveals more about the biomarkers it studies and the data being gathered. 纽约Rothman Institute骨科主任Anthony Romeo博士，他也是前任芝加哥白袜队医，也与 芝加哥公牛合作过，他说他会对於Orreco的做法"保持某种程度的怀疑"，直到这公司对外 公布他们到底测了甚麽，以及资料是如何收集的。 ”I would be cautious and say it’s investigational,” Romeo said. “It’s a very interesting area of research and we applaud the efforts that they’re making. But at this time nothing supplants outstanding coaches and trainers that can do a visual analysis and understand their athletes from the traditional methods to know whether they’re training too hard or too little. ” 「我会小心看待，而且认为这还在调查的阶段，」Romeo说。「这是一个非常有趣的研究 领域，我们也应该对这公司所做的努力表示赞赏。但是，到现在为止，没有方式可以帮助 那群非常顶尖的教练及训练员们，当他们在用传统方式评估跟了解这些运动员们的时候， 到底他们训练的太多还是太少。」 “At some point,” Romeo said of Orreco, “they’re going to have to share their data in a way that it can be repeated so that we know it’s true.” 「或许到了某个时候，」Romeo讲到Orreco，「他们得要以某种方式把他们的资料公布出 来，看看其他人做出的结果有没有类似，这样我们才可说这结果是真实的。」 Said Dr. Robert Dimeff, a team physician for the Dallas Stars of the N.H.L. and a past president of the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine: “I think this is a research-based tool at this point in time, but I don’t think it’s ready for prime time. What they’re doing is something that in 10 years from now we may say, ‘Wow, this is absolutely great information.’ 达拉斯冰球星辰队队医以及前任美国运动医学会主席Robert Dimeff说，「我认为在目前这 个方式还是属於研究层级的工具，但是我不认为现在就是它的全盛时期。或许他们现在所 做的，大概10年後，我们可能会说，『哇呜～那真的是很棒的资讯呢！』」 “We can’t say that right now. But what they’re doing is trying to put some science behind recommendations and I think that’s very admirable.” 「我们现在还不能那样说，但是对於他们尝试着在某些科学基础上给球员建议，我认为那 是很令人敬佩的。」 Despite such skepticism, Cuban remains one of the biggest proponents of Orreco ’s work. After watching an interview in which the openly data-hungry Cuban discussed his growing fascination with artificial intelligence, Moore wrote to Cuban before the 2016-17 season with a pitch that Orreco could “optimize performance, accelerate recovery and prolong careers” by using “high-end computing to find patterns in the data.” 尽管有这些怀疑的论点，独行侠老板Cuban仍旧是几个支持Orreco的人之一。Orreco创办人 Moore之前看到Cuban的访问，讲到他对资料的渴望，以及对於AI的热爱，Moore在2016-17 球季前写了一封信给Cuban，他用了一招，说Orreco会用"高阶电脑运算方式找出资料内的模 式"，来帮助独行侠球员达到"最佳化表现，加速恢复期，以及延长运动生涯"。 “Our job is to help the Mavericks make better decisions,” Moore said. 「我们的工作就是帮助独行侠做出更好的决定，」Moore说。 Cuban was quickly sold. Cuban一下就点头了。 “Managing player load is as important as understanding traditional basketball analytics,’’ Cuban said. “Causation is always more valuable that correlation.” 「管理球员负荷量跟了解传统篮球数据分析一样重要，」Cuban说。「知道因果关系比只知 道有关系更有价值。」 Although the Mavericks are hardly alone in embracing bioanalytics, they are on a very short list of top-level professional sports franchises and are willing to ignore the ultra-secretive norm and publicly acknowledge its work with Orreco. 虽然独行侠不是唯一一队信奉生物分析理论的球队，但是他们是极少的顶尖职业球队的其 中之一，不去在意Orreco极为隐密的理论，而愿意公开承认他们是跟Orreco合作的球队。 Aside from the Mavericks, only Newcastle United of the English Premier League has acknowledged being an Orreco customer. Through a person with knowledge of the contract, The Times confirmed that the Knicks are the other N.B.A. team to use Orreco as extensively as the Mavericks. 除了独行侠，只有New Castle足球俱乐部有承认他们是Orreco的客户。而依据消息来源， 纽约尼克是另外一支NBA队伍与Orreco有密切合作的关系。 Orreco also consults with a handful of individual players, including Wilson Chandler of the Philadelphia 76ers and Quincy Pondexter of the San Antonio Spurs. Orreco另外也为一些球员提供谘询，包括76人的Wilson Chandler跟马刺的Quincy Pondexter。 The company declined to discuss the Knicks, or the two Major League Baseball clubs and another Premier League soccer team it counts as clients. Orreco公司拒绝讨论尼克，另外两支MLB队伍，以及那支足球俱乐部的细节。 Smith cited Quest Diagnostics’ Blueprint Fit as another top practitioner in the field that he suspects has an N.B.A. clientele and acknowledged that several of his peers within the league are aware of what Dallas is doing, and asking lots of questions. 独行侠体能训练主管Smith提到另外一个在这领域也是顶尖的公司，Quest Diagnostics' Blueprint Fit，他怀疑这公司应该有个NBA球队客户，同时他也承认联盟里好几个同僚知 道独行侠的做法，跟他问了很多问题。 “And I think there will be more,” Smith said. 「我认为这会越来越多，」Smith说。 -- 科学练球是必然的 -- 标题 [公告] NBA 板 开始举办乐透! 4、双十 = 两队四节打完107比107进入延长赛 开奖结果: 双十 --

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