※ 引述《supermarx (前呼後拥活逮主词)》之铭言： : 不好意思各位，我想要问一个很笨的问题.. : 马克思在其着作里，哪一本有详尽其较多的「阶级」观念， : 不用特别去定义（马克思是否也没有清楚定义过阶级是什麽？） : 是不是在共产主义宣言里有提到无产阶级与资本阶级的关系？ : 换句话说，马克思定义的阶级我们到底要如何说明比较清楚？ : 又是在其哪本着作里呢？ : 谢谢～～ 这些专有名词，可以到http://marxists.org/glossary/ 查询 还颇为方便 以下是引自该网站 Class A group of people sharing common relations to labor and the means of production. "In the process of production, human beings work not only upon nature, but also upon one another. They produce only by working together in a specified manner and reciprocally exchanging their activities. In order to produce, they enter into definite connections and relations to one another, and only within these social connections and relations does their influence upon nature operate — i.e., does production take place. "These social relations between the producers, and the conditions under which they exchange their activities and share in the total act of production, will naturally vary according to the character of the means of production. (Karl Marx Wage Labour and Capital Chpt. 5: The Nature and Growth of Capital) The notion of class, as it is used by Marxists, differs radically from the notion of class as used in bourgeois social theory. According to modern capitalist thinking, class is an abstract universal defined by the common attributes of its members (i.e., all who make less than $20,000 a year constitute a "lower" class); categories and conceptions that have an existence prior to and independent of the people who make up the class. For dialectical materialism however, the notion of class includes the development of collective consciousness in a class — arising from the material basis of having in common relations to the labour process and the means of production. 黄色加重部分自我加上去的，理解阶级的关键就是关系。 如果对照与引文所说的市民社会理论，就可以很楚地知道： 马克思主义所说的阶级是依据人与生产工具和人与人的关系 所决定的。而市民社会理论界定"阶级"的判准则是先验於个人 的独立存在物，例如以所得决定不同的阶级，或者是以岁数 来决定(六年级或七年级！？)。 --

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