以下这题Dustin和我都想进一步探讨解法！ 请详影片7:40秒． https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=139&v=ZmXKInrF3Oc OG13-29 Emily Dickinson's letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother and ending shortly before Emily's death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else. (A) Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother and ending shortly before Emily's death in 1886, outnumbering (B) Dickinson were written over a period that begins a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother and ended shortly before Emily's death in 1886, outnumber 这里K大讲到用平行结构解，但是平行结构在OG官方解释讲平行结构 （parallel），只会有对等连接词（and/but/or/yet），或者是强迫平衡惯 用语（e.g. not only…but also），才有所谓平衡的适用； 我们看法是看时态合理性而不是看平衡 影片说begins和ended现在和过去式明显不平行，建议把定义说清楚， 应该是讲时态and前後是否一致避免与平行观念混淆！ 另外就如同Dustin在回应K大观念所录影片中举出很多and前後时态不一致的case， 我也举出以下修辞正确句来修正同学容易和K大一样的错误观念， and前後时态没有一定要一致，既然一直提到句意， 时态本身就要用句意来看！像以下这题时态前後就没有一致. 45. (26816-!-item-!-188;#058&003335) A recent poll indicates that many people in the United States hold a combination of conservative and liberal political views; i.e., they denounce big government, saying government is doing too much and has become too powerful, while at the same time supporting many specific government programs for health care, education, and the environment. 其实B选项若要看句意，应该是用时态合理性来删除，因为a period语意上 是过去时间，所以形容词子句用现在简单式的时态明显是错误，应该要用过 去简单式， 这种题目如我上一篇文章一样，我再次强调遇到长句先看句子结构错误，先 看主词动词，letters were written，後面又看到 , outnumber，两个动词 were written/ outnumber中间没有连接词，属於句子结构错误 (C) Dickinson, written over a period beginning a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother and that ends shortly before Emily's death in 1886 and outnumbering 影片中讲到C选项“也”是不平行结构，很多观念应该要讲清楚， 这选项应该是看到对等连接词and知道一定前後要平衡， and後面看到that ends知道是形容词子句 （adj.cl），前面没有adj.cl平衡之後就删除了 (D) Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother, ending shortly before Emily's death in 1886, and outnumbering 这个选项影片说是beginning/ending/outnumbering三个动作的平衡，因 为outnumbering修饰period，不能拿时间点和信件的数量做“比较？”所以 删除． 在此我要提醒，修辞所谓的比较，要不就是考as..as/more than/less than 比较结构，或是考类比或对比的Like/Unlike A, B…句型中，A/B要有可比 性，这才叫比较，OG官方版解释才会用到comparison这样的标准用语，这里 应该说outnumbering的逻辑主语错误，在OG叫做logical subject． 不过如前面所述，这题第一步一定先找到主要子句的主词动词， 句子看到主词letters後，句中插入句which were written…直接结 束，根本找不到主要子句动词，所以这里是句子结构错误的fragment sentence，缺乏主要子句动词，解这个点不需要浪费时间去看outnumbering 逻辑主语句意问题，直接看句子结构很快就删了！ (E) Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother and ending shortly before Emily's death in 1886, outnumber 最後剩下A/E选项，影片说因为A主要子句核心句意是讲letters were written over a period，重点在讲信是在什麽时间写的，E选项主要子句核 心句意是letters outnumber her letters to anyone else，重点在讲这些 信件远超过给其他人的信件量．然後突然跳到说E的句意才是比较重要的句 意． 这里我想挑战的是（Dustin在影片也有相同疑问）， 关於E的主要子句语意比A的主要子句句意重要标准不够清楚. 这里其实Dustin有在影片讲到，句尾Ving结构在OG官方定义有两种，一种是 对前面子句做阐述说明，此时Ving动作逻辑主语通常会抓到前面子句的主 词；另外一种是表达因果关系，此时Ving动作逻辑主语是抓前面整个动作事 件，这里A选项的outnumbering很明显的是前面第一种结构，因为逻辑主语 是前句主词letters，所以outnumbering必须是对前面主要子句做 elaborate，也就是Dustin讲到的语意逻辑上要有关联，这点OG都说明很清 楚了. 如果A/E要用语意来解，应该是letters outnumber her letters to anyone else对主要子句letters were written over a period并不存在elaborate 的关系，两件事情语意上是独立事件．但是我相信这样的解法对於台湾人也 很难应用，因为英文不是我们的母语． 这里我想用的是标准英文的观念来解，因为句尾Ving结构做阐述说明，在标 准英语表达讯息方面应该是从general到specific，所以通常主要子句＋限 定修饰语相较於句尾Ving结构，主要子句短，句尾Ving修饰语较长，这点我 们也可以从OG官方版解释看出这样的隐含意思： OG Explanation for A: The long, wordy opening clause gives too much emphasis to the period when Dickinson’s letters were written; it is unclear what outnumbering refers to. 所以注意到了吗？官方版解释说因为the period修饰语beginning and ending过长会造成主要子句too much emphasis，所以这样结构会变成 specific到general，表达讯息结构比较不符合标准英文的写法，若这样判 断5秒就可以解决，我相信这点英语程度普通的同学也做得到，再举下面这 个例子给大家练习： 96. (29707-!-item-!-188;#058&003977) In some species of cricket, the number of chirps per minute used by the male for attracting females rise and fall in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and they can in fact serve as an approximate thermometer. D. to attract females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and it can in fact serve E. to attract females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, in fact possibly serving 这题D/E也是大家容易混淆，相信各位用以上方法应该知道哪个选项的结构 比较不符合标准英文写法． 结尾最後想强调一点，这个影片我只针对有问题的部分challenge，当然对 於K大认为总结每个点都要分析，这点我也非常认同，因为现在同学做总结 都只针对容易的部份，但是修辞的解题点应该全部要分析出来，再来思考解 题步骤，以上希望对大家准备修辞有帮助，祝同学考试顺利！ 大家也可以参考Dustin的观点： https://youtu.be/ZmXKInrF3Oc?t=8m50s -- A2GMAT七周精品培训班 六年来超过500位A2学员取得700+高分, 申请上名校商学院！ A2钻研破解GMAT出题模式,研发实战解题观念及快速作答技巧,请详以下连结： http://a2gmat.blogspot.tw/p/03.html 让A2GMAT用最快速度助您考取高分！ --

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