作者scju (QQ)
看板Eng-Class
标题[文法] 辞典中的if all of it will not fit
时间Tue Mar 27 19:32:02 2018
各位好，请教一下
在韦氏高阶双解辞典看到这样的说明：
"Dots" within headwords show the places where you can break a word and add a
hyphen if all of it will not fit at the end of a line of print or writing.
附图
https://i.imgur.com/DyoRgAL.jpg
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想请教if子句用will的写法。查了一下PEU 3rd.
260
1) results
We use "will" with "if" to talk about what will happen because of possible
future actions - to mean 'if this will be the later result'. Compare:
- I'll give you ￡100 if I win the lottery. (Winning the lottery is a
condition - it must happen first.)
I'll give you ￡100 if it'll help you to go on holiday. (The holiday is a
result - it follows the gift of money.)
- We'll go home now if you get the car. (condition)
We'll go home now if it will make you feel better. (result)
---------
2) 'If it is true now that .. .'
We use "will" with "if" when we are saying 'if it is true now that .. .' or
'if we know now that ...'.例句：
If Ann won't be here on Thursday, we'd better cancel the meeting.
If prices will really come down in a few months, I'm not going to buy one now.
＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
这两种解释中，我认为应该第二个比较符合。因为第一个的if子句用will是表示结果，
也就是比较後面发生的。然而以韦氏那一句来说：
... you can break a word and add a hyphen if all of it will not fit
at the end of a line of print or writing.
意思应该是，如果字放不下，你可以切字并加上连字号。（我认为all of it的it代替
a word。）因此if all of it will not fit at the end...是表示原因，是先发生的，
不符合PEU的第一种解释。
询问於英语论坛
https://goo.gl/QfNF8g
网友J&K Tutoring却认为：
The dictionary author cannot know about your margins or how your words might
fill the space, as your writing comes later. Hence, the use of if/will
looking to a possible future. To simplify the sentence: "...break if it will
(not) fit..."
Actually, 260.1 fits your example better: "...what will happen because of
possible future action..."
我回应：
But I would think that "if all of it will not fit ..." happens first, and
that "you can break a word and add a hyphen" second.
他说：
Your writing is in an unknown future, but the result is static- it's the
same; past, present, and future. It's a general statement that applies at any
time, so present tense is used.
（我不太懂他这个回应想表达什麽？）
我又补充：
I would think it is the following:
... you can break a word and add a hyphen if all of it (= a word) will not
fit at the end of a line of print or writing.
... you can break a word and add a hyphen if all of it (= a word) does not
fit at the end of a line of print or writing.
Is anything wrong? Could you tell me?
他回覆：
Both of your examples mean more or less the same, but I prefer "will not fit".
--------
这我就不懂了，既然他认同我最後的说法，原句可以改写为
... you can break a word and add a hyphen if all of it (= a word) does not
fit at the end of a line of print or writing.
那这样不是很明显是if子句发生在前吗？怎麽会符合PEU的第一种解释呢？
请教各位了，谢谢！
--
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1F：推 kbccb01: 我想是回应网友误解260.1的意思了，应该是"if/will用在相 03/27 20:18
2F：→ kbccb01: 对於另一子句(写连字号)的未来"，但他想成了"相对於现在( 03/27 20:18
3F：→ kbccb01: 看字典)的未来"，所以回你是260.1 03/27 20:18
4F：→ kbccb01: 你再问可是"连字号"应该是"塞不下"的未来，他这时以为你 03/27 20:18
5F：→ kbccb01: 问的是"这句更未来怎没用will"，所以解说为什麽用现在式 03/27 20:18
6F：→ kbccb01: 总之我觉得是2的解释比较对 03/27 20:18
kb大您好，感谢您解释，後半段我懂了，可是前半段我不懂，韦氏辞典解释里，
if/will应该是相对於另一子句(写连字号)的「过去」才对吧？
（先「放不下」，才「写连字号」）
---
还是说您想表达的是，如果照260.1来看，if/will应该是相对於另一子句(写连字号)的
「未来」？（但事实上这样的意思说不通）
※ 编辑: scju (1.169.78.250), 03/27/2018 20:48:40
7F：→ kbccb01: 後者，我上文第一行“应该是”指的是260.1的内容，但因为 03/27 21:54
8F：→ kbccb01: 不通我才觉得不是 03/27 21:54
9F：推 l10nel: "will not fit"这个will是PEU 260.2的情况,先发生,表条件 03/28 09:55
10F：→ l10nel: will/does not fit都可,will稍自然一些,是will表未来意志 03/28 09:57
11F：→ l10nel: 但套用在无生命东西(word)的譬喻用法,很常见啊 03/28 09:58
感谢回应！不过我想应该不是表示意志，就是260.2的意思而已。
因为260.5有讲表示意志的用法，看起并不相同。
https://i.imgur.com/LVMP94M.png
更新：
网友Raymott说
To me, 'will' does not indicate futurity, so the rule doesn't apply. "If the
words won't fit ..." means "If the words don't fit ...".
Compare: "I keep trying, but the car just won't start." That is not a
statement about the future, but about the recent past and present.
我又问网友jutfrank，他说认同Raymott，并且认为既不是260.1，也不是260.2
真奇怪了...
※ 编辑: scju (114.25.216.107), 03/28/2018 15:15:18
12F：推 l10nel: PEU是很实用的书,缺点在於篇幅不是最大,所以它也无法罗列 03/28 15:22
13F：→ l10nel: 所有有关will意志/意愿的情况,导致你认爲所有有关意志的 03/28 15:22
14F：→ l10nel: 只限於260.5那一点点的描述和例句,误以爲它只用在客气的请 03/28 15:23
15F：推 l10nel: 求,没有其他状况,包括will not fit,这样独重一本书并不好 03/28 15:27
16F：→ l10nel: 建议查查像the car won't start这种例子,和the word won't 03/28 15:31
17F：→ l10nel: fit是同一个will的用法,看看其他地方/书如何解释这个will, 03/28 15:32
18F：→ l10nel: 或许就会发现PEU在这点上并不详尽 03/28 15:35
好的，感谢！所以您认为是260.2+表示「意志」的意思吗？
(260.3我没附上，因为就是讲if当名词子句、当动词受词时可用未来式
，这种情况蛮好辨认的)
(更新)
英语讨论区那边有新的内容，有兴趣的朋友可移驾。
※ 编辑: scju (114.25.216.107), 03/29/2018 23:53:02