※ [本文轉錄自 Gossiping 看板] 作者: ivanos (Peel quickly and see) 看板: Gossiping 標題: Re: [新聞] 美方文件揭密 李慶安擁美國籍 時間: Thu Dec 25 19:23:15 2008 查了一下美國《移民與國籍法案》和台灣《國籍法》，我認為李慶安的立委資格 還是有機會被承認且保留。 美國《移民與國籍法案》(IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY ACT) 第349條，關於國籍喪失: http://tinyurl.com/4nyg63 (ACT 349) Sec. 349. [8 U.S.C. 1481] (a) A person who is a national of the United States whether by birth or naturalization, shall lose his nationality by voluntarily performing any of the following acts with the intention of relinquishing United States nationality- (1) obtaining naturalization in a foreign state upon his own application or upon an application filed by a duly authorized agent, after having attained the age of eighteen years; or (2) taking an oath or making an affirmation or other formal declaration of allegiance to a foreign state or a political subdivision thereof, after having attained the age of eighteen years; or (3) entering, or serving in, the armed forces of a foreign state if (A) such armed forces are engaged in hostilities against the United States, or (B) such persons serve as a commissioned or non-commissioned officer; or (4) (A) accepting, serving in, or performing the duties of any office, post, or employment under the government of a foreign state or a political subdivision thereof, after attaining the age of eighteen years if he has or acquires the nationality of such foreign state; or (B) accepting, serving in, or performing the duties of any office, post, or employment under the government of a foreign state or a political subdivision thereof, after attaining the age of eighteen years for which office, post, or employment an oath, affirmation, or declaration of allegiance is required; or (5) making a formal renunciation of nationality before a diplomatic or consular officer of the United States in a foreign state, in such form as may be prescribed by the Secretary of State; or (6) making in the United States a formal written renunciation of nationality in such form as may be prescribed by, and before such officer as may be designated by, the Attorney General, whenever the United States shall be in a state of war and the Attorney General shall approve such renunciation as not contrary to the interests of national defense; or (7) committing any act of treason against, or attempting by force to overthrow, or bearing arms against, the United States, violating or conspiring to violate any of the provisions of section 2383 of title 18, United States Code, or willfully performing any act in violation of section 2385 of title 18, United States Code, or violating section 2384 of said title by engaging in a conspiracy to overthrow, put down, or to destroy by force the Government of the United States, or to levy war against them, if an d when he is convicted thereof by a court martial or by a court of competent jurisdiction. (b) Whenever the loss of United States nationality is put in issue in any action or proceeding commenced on or after the enactment of this subsection under, or by virtue of, the provisions of this or any other Act, the burden shall be upon the person or party claiming that such loss occurred, to establish such claim by a preponderance of the evidence. Any person who commits or performs, or who has committed or performed, any act of expatriation under the provisions of this or any other Act shall be presumed to have done so voluntarily, but such presumption may be rebutted upon a showing, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the act or acts committed or performed were not done voluntarily. 要喪失美國國籍，需要同時符合349(a)和349(b)的要件。李慶安已經符合 349(a)(4)(A)或349(a)(4)(B)，所以符合第一個要件: 349(a)。 我認為349(b)或許會是本案關鍵，關鍵在於上頭用黃筆和紅筆標起來的部份。 而且這裡有個重點，也是紅筆部份所標示，任何一個有做出符合349(a)的行為 的人都被"presumed"是出於自願，除非有充分證據顯示該act並非出於自願。 再看看台灣國籍法第20條: 中華民國國民兼具外國國籍者，擬任本條所定應受國籍限制之公職時，應 於就 (到) 職前辦理放棄外國國籍，並於就 (到) 職之日起一年內，完成 喪失該國國籍及取得證明文件。 依據美國INA，除非有充分證據顯示李慶安放棄國籍的動作非出於自願 (例如 用美國護照進出美國或其他國家，繳交美國稅款等)，否則李慶安 的美國國籍喪失有機會從她擔任公職的那時起成立。當然李慶安需向美方主動take這個 "burden"，提供充分證據(擔任公職)，使這個國籍喪失被回溯至1994年， 也就是她第一次擔任台北市議員那年。 台灣的部份，條款規定是兩個要件須同時成立才成立，所以若李慶安於立委就任 一年內)(還沒到) 完成國籍喪失的回溯承認且取得美國證明文件， 那麼李慶安的所有公職資格或許將可被合法的承認且其立委資格可保留。 --

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