http://www.answers.com/topic/alick-isaacs Isaacs, who was born in Glasgow, graduated in medicine from the university there in 1944. After three years' work in the department of bacteriology he moved to Sheffield University for a year and then spent two years in Australia at the Hall Institute for Medical Research, Melbourne. During this time he studied influenza, in particular the genetic variation of the various strains of the virus and also the response of the body to attack by the virus. He continued with this work from 1950 at the National Institute for Medical Research in London, where he was director of the World Influenza Centre. In 1957, together with the Swiss virologist Jean Lindenmann, Isaacs reported that a specific low-molecular-weight protein, which interfered with the multiplication of viruses, was produced by animal cells when under viral attack. This was interferon, which he studied closely for the rest of his life, investigating problems associated with its production and isolation, its mechanism of action, and its chemical and physical properties. In the early 1960s his health began to deteriorate but he continued work as head of the Laboratory for Research on Interferon at the National Institute. Alick Isaacs (17 July 1921 - 26 January 1967) was a British virologist. He is best remembered for his work on interferon, having been Head of the Laboratory for Research on Interferon, National Institute for Medical Research,1964-7. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1966, shortly before his death. Isaacs, Alick (1921–1967) Scottish virologist who, with Swiss colleague Jean Lindemann, in 1957 discovered interferon, a naturally occurring antiviral substance produced by cells infected with viruses. The full implications of this discovery are still being investigated. Isaacs was born and educated in Glasgow. From 1951 he worked at the World Influenza Centre, London, becoming its director in 1961. Isaacs began in 1947 studying different strains of the influenza virus and the body's response to them. Working with Lindemann, he eventually found that when a virus invades a cell, the cell produces interferon, which then induces uninfected cells to make a protein that prevents the virus from multiplying. Almost any cell in the body can make interferon, which seems to act as the first line of defence against viral pathogens, because it is produced very quickly (interferon production starts within hours of infection whereas antibody production takes several days) and is thought to trigger other defence mechanisms. 讓我很感慨的是 他晚年一直受躁鬱症所苦 他的一名同事回憶說 到了後期他甚至懷疑自己所發現的干擾素只不過是一個幻影騙局 最後在試圖振作的過程中二度中風而死 一個聰慧傑出的心智就此殞落 很多科學家在傑出研究的背後常常帶有某種程度的躁鬱症 這方面不妨來討論看看 還有誰是這方面的代表 -- http://www.wretch.cc/blog/dearevan --

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