Ant colony optimization http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant_colony_optimization Pheromone evaporation has also the advantage of avoiding the convergence to a locally optimal solution. If there were no evaporation at all, the paths chosen by the first ants would tend to be excessively attractive to the following ones. In that case, the exploration of the solution space would be constrained. Ant colony optimization algorithms have been used to produce near-optimal solutions to the traveling salesman problem. They have an advantage over simulated annealing and genetic algorithm approaches when the graph may change dynamically; the ant colony algorithm can be run continuously and adapt to changes in real time. Ant Colony Optimization Home Page http://www.aco-metaheuristic.org/ 還有 workshop: ANTS 2006: Fifth International Workshop on Ant Colony Optimization and Swarm Intelligence --

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