課程名稱︰數位語音處理概論 課程性質︰選修 課程教師︰李琳山 開課學院：電機資訊學院 開課系所︰電機系/資工所/網媒所 考試日期（年月日）︰20180110 考試時限（分鐘）：120 試題 : ．Open Lecture Power Point (Printed Version) and Personal Notes ．You have to use CHINESE sentences to answer all the questions, but you can use English terminologies. ．Total points: 170 1. (a) (5) Describe how the MAP principle can be used for speaker adaptation. (b) (10) Describe how Maximum Likelihood Linear Regression (MLLR) can be used for speaker adaptation. 2. (a) (10) Explain the difference between Extractive and Abstractive Summarization. (b) (10) Explain how Maximum Margin Relevance (MMR) can be used in summarizing a document. Use an example to describe it. 3. (10) Explain and discuss why words and subword units are both useful in voice-based information retrieval for Mandarin Chinese, but each with respective limitations? Use examples in Chinese language. 4. (15) What is the mismatch in acoustic environment between training/testing conditions for speech recognition? Explain what the model-based approaches, feature-based approaches are, including mentioning the names of two examples for each of them. 5. (20) For Llinear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), explain the meaning of within/between-class scatter matrices sw/sb, and the meaning of optimization criterion. 6. (15) What is the EM algorithm? Explain how it can be used to solve the Basic Problem 3 for a discrete HMM. 7. (10) Please explain what is the “lattice” of an utterance, and what is the “expected term frequency” for a term in the lattice. 8. (a) (5) Describe what Markov Decision Process (MDP) is including its fundamental mathematical framework. 　 (b) (10) Describe how MDP can be used in user-content interaction and spoken dialogue systems. 9. (a) (10) What is a Deep Neural Network (DNN)? How can it be used in acoustic modeling? 　(b) (10) Explain how a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) can be used in language modeling. 10. (10) What is a Random Forest? How can it be used in Tone Recognition for Mandarin? 11. (10) Explain what the Pseudo-relevance Feedback is, its purpose and how to achieve the purpose. 12. (10) Explain what the Dialogue Acts are. -- (\_(\ (=':') (("")) --

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