課程名稱︰普通生物學乙 課程性質︰必修 課程教師︰蔡珊珊 開課學院： 開課系所︰農化系、神經認知學程、地科學程 考試日期（年月日）︰2011.11.21 考試時限（分鐘）：110分鐘 是否需發放獎勵金：是 （如未明確表示，則不予發放） 試題 : 試題 : (該次考試有兩份試卷，以下僅有蔡珊珊老師出題部分) 以下試題若為選擇題，則括弧內為標準答案，填空題並未公布答案 I.Match the followings. (C) 1.Which statement about spontaneous generation is false? A.Pasteur demonstrated that it does not occur under normal laboratory conditions. B.It appatently occurred at least once--when life on Earth began. C.It occurs every time a new species evolves from a preexisting spicies. D.It addresses the formation of living cells from previously nonliving material. (A) 2.Steroids are______________ A.a class of lipid with four-ring structure. B.a class of transmembrane transport proteins. C.a class of nucleotides. D.None of the above. (C) 3.Which one of the following would you fail to find a prokaryote? A.DNA B.a cell wall C.a mitochondrion. D.s plasma membrane. (D) 4.Phospholipid bilayer membranes are selectively permeable; in which way are they "selectively permeable"? A.They allow everything brt water to cross. B.They allow only water to cross. C.They allow everything nonpolar to cross. D.They allow some things to cross while restricting others. (C) 5.Which of the following increases the strength of the hydrophobic interactions in lipid bilayers and thus makes them less permeable molecules? A.the presence of double bonds B.increasing temperature C.increasing length of the hydrocarbon chains D.None of the above. (C) 6.How do phospholipids interact eith water molecules? A.The polar heads avoid water; the nonpolar tails attract water (because water is polar and opposites attract. B.Phospholipids don't interact with water because water os polar and lipids are nonpolar. C.The polar heads interact with water; the nonpolar tails do not. D.Phospholipids dissolve in water. (C) 7.Which of the following macromolecules leaves the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell through the pores in the nuclear membrane? A.DNA and RNA B.amino acids C.mRNA D.phospholipids (B) 8.Under what circumstandes does membrane transport always require energy? A.whenever molevules ate moved that are too large to pass through the phospholipid bilayer membrane. B.whenever a solute needs to be moved from low concentration to high concentration through a phospholipids bilayer membrane. C.whenever a solute is charged, such as an ion, and is moved through a phospholipid bilayer membrane. D.whenever a molecule os polar and is moved though a phospholipid bilayer membrane. (B) 9.A parent cell divide to form two genetically identical daughter cells in the process of motosis. For notosis to take place______. A.the parent cell must first be fertilized. B.the parent cell must replicate its entire genome prior to motosis. C.the parent cell must reproduce its DNA durion telophase. D.the parent cell must divide its DNA in half so each daughter cell gets only the genes needed to carry out its functions. In this way, differentiation occurs. (B)10.What is the most likely role of a cell that contains an extensive smooth ER? A.It play a role in storage. B.It synthesizes large quantities of lipids. C.It actively exports protein molecules. D.It play a role in immune function. (B)11.What is the site of synthesis of proteins for export (secretoion from the cell)? A.free ribosomes B.ribosomes that attach to the endoplasmic reticulum. C.ribosomes that attach to the Golgi complex D.ribosomes that attach to the outer mitochondrial membrane (D)12.Which of the following is a basic structural difference between plant cells and animal cells. A.Plant cells contain chloroplasts, but animal cells do not. B.Animal cells contain lysosomes, but plant cells do not. C.Plants have cell walls, and animal cells do not. D.All of the above apply. (C)13.DNA is composed of four nucliosides: adenosine, cytidine, thymidine, and guanosine. If scientists introduced into the DNA molecule ______. A.at any point in the cell cycle. B.when centromeres split so the two chromosomes can be separated. C.during DNA replication. D.as the cell enters G1 of interphase. (A)14.The first gap in the cel cycle(G1) corresponds to_________. A.normal growth and functioning. B.the phase in which DNA is being replicated. C.the beginning of notosis. D.the phase between DNAreplication and the M phase. (B)15.The microtubular organizing center found in animal cells is an identifiable structure present during all phases of the cell cycle. Specifically, it is known as which of the following? A.cell plate B.centrocome C.centromere D.kinetochore (D)16.Regulatory proteins that serve to prevent a cell from entering the S phase under cinditoins of DNA damage are also known as __________. A.cyclins B.cyclin-dependent kinases. C.antibodies D.tumor suppessors. (D)17.What is a major difference between meiosis II and mitosis? A.Homologus align on the metaphase plate in meiosis II. B.Sister chrmatids separate in mitosis, and homologues separate in meiosis II. C.Meiosis II takes place in a haploid cell, while mitosis tades place in diploid cells. D.Crossover tades place in maiosis II. (B)18.Which of the following statements represents a major difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryodic cells? A.Prokaryotes have cells while eukaryotes do not. B.Eukaryotic cells tend to have much nore extensive inner memvrane systems and larger numbers of intracellular organelles than do prokaryotes. C.Prokaryotes are not able to carry out aerobic respiration, a process that requires a complex inner-membrane system. D.Procaryotes are generally larger in size than eukaryotes. (B)19.What can you infer about a high molecular weight protein that cannot be transported into the nucleus. A.It is too large. B.It lacks a nuclear localization signal(NLS). C.It contains errors in its amino acid sequence. D.It lacks a signal sequence. (D)20.In human and many other eukaryotec species' cells, the nuclear membrane has to disappear in order for what to take place? A.cytokinesis B.attachment of mitobic spindle to kinetochores C.It contains erreos in its amino acid sequence. D.It lacks a signal sequence. (A)21.Aman who carries an X-linked allele(gene) will pass it on to A.all of his daughters B.half of his daughters C.all of his sons D.disassembly of the nucleolus E.all of his children (B)22.The transduction experiments done by Herchey and Chase, and the transformaion experiment dine gy Griggith, supported the same conclusion, which was A.Pathogenic molecules affect the health of all living organisms. B.DNA is the molecular substance of genetic inheritance. C.Organisms must be sacrificed for science to progress. D.Genetic recombination in living organisms is rare. (D)23.In the polymerization of DNA, a phosphodiester bond is formed between a phosphate group of the nucleotide being added and _________ of the last nucliotide in the polymer. A.ATP B.C6 C.the 3' OH D.a nitrogen from the nitrogen-containing base. (B)24.The fact that within a double-stranded DNA molecule, adenine forms two hydrogen bonds with thymone and cytosine forms three hygrogen bonds with guanine is known as _________. A.semi-conservative replication. B.complementary base pairing. C.secondary structure of a Dna molecule. D.a double helix. (D)25.When is a single base substitution mutation least likely to be deleterious? A.when the single base change results in a stop codon. B.when the single base change fesults in a codon that specifies the same amino aced as the original codon. C.when the base change results in an amino aced substitution that alters the tertiary structure of the protein. D.when the base change results in an amino aced substitution at the active site of an enzyme. II.Fill in the blank. 1. Diffution of a substance across a plasma membrane required the assistance of membrane proteins is called__________. 2. ________________ is a eukaryotic organelle, consisting of stacks of flatten membranes sacs functioning in processing and sorting proteins and lipids. 3. The chemical compositions of membrane are ________ and _________. 4. Mitosis is the process of chrmosome separation. Cytoplasm os diveded between the two daughter dells in a process known as __________. 5. Nerve cells lose their ability to undergo mitosis. Instead, they are permanently stuck in ______ phase of cell cycle. 6. Egg and sperm, involved in sexual reproduction, are fromed through a process called _________. 7. Mendel's two principles of genetics are ___________ and ___________. 8. During prophase I of meiosis, two homologous chrmosomes paired together is called ___________. 9. _______ can synthesis a short segment of RNA which is complementary to single-stranded DNA. 10.________ is a genetic cross occurred between an induvidual of unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive. 11._________ is synthesized continuously in the 5'-->3' direction during DNA replication. 12.What molicule derves as a link between the information-containing macromolecule, DNA and protein synthesis? ___________ 13._________ is the three base sequences that code for specific amino acids, are part of mRNA. --

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