課程名稱：當代英美哲學 課程性質︰哲學系必選修 B群組 課程教師︰苑舉正 開課學院：文學院 開課系所︰哲學系 考試時間︰11/14 09:10-12:00 是否需發放獎勵金：yes （如未明確表示，則不予發放） 試題 : Please answer two of the following four questions in either Chinese or English with exact replies in accordance with the contents included in the syllabus and what we have discussed in the classes about them (Each question you choice counts 50 points. The total score is 100 points): 1. What is the essential part of "Idealism"? Give an argument to support is; and give an argument against it. According to you, which is more plausible? Why? 2. Some philosopher claims that Russell's logical atomism could be treated as a kind of theory of meaning. If so, according to Russell, how to explain the meaning of the following sentences: (1) The former president of the United States is a Caucasian; (2) All presidents of the United States are Caucasians; (3) Barack Obama is not a Caucasian. [Hint: Do you think (1), (2) and (3) are propositions of the same type? If not, please explain their difference.] Please point out some possible difficulties or disadvantages of Russell's logical atomism if there is any. 3. Please show how Russell formulates a sentence containing the definite description such as "The present president of the United States is a Democrat." [Hint: You can reformulate this sentence is either formal or informal way.] According to Russell's account of definite descriptions, what is the difference among definite descriptions, proper names and logical proper name? What is the main concern of his theory? 4. Give your own example of Russell's paradox. How does Russell solve his paradox? Do you think his solution is successful? --

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