朝鮮半島能源發展組織方案遭到質疑 10/12/2005　英文版朝日新聞 　　根據日本政府方面的消息，日本、美國與南韓即將放棄讓北韓在「朝鮮半島 能源發展組織」(Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization, KEDO) 方案下建造輕水核子反應爐的可能。 　　此立場轉變的原因來自首爾，南韓之前雖反對終止 KEDO 方案，但近來已改 變其方針，並且已向北韓輸出電力。 　　今年九月於北京舉行六邊會談後，平壤在共同聲明中承諾將放棄發展核武的 企圖，該聲明中也觸及提供新的輕水反應爐的可能性。 　　KEDO 方案是基於 1994 年所達成的共識，而於 1997 年設立，但因為 2002 年北韓增添濃縮鈾的行動曝光，使得該方案在北韓建造輕水反應爐的工作被暫緩。 　　KEDO 的參與國將於今年十一月底決定是否繼續暫緩 KEDO，或甚至完全終止 KEDO 方案。 　　據消息來源說，日本與美國代表九月底在紐約舉辦的 KEDO 非官方會議中堅 持 KEDO 應予終止，而首爾對此提議未表反對。 　　布希政府過去已對前總統柯林頓時代創立的 KEDO 方案多所批評，日本某些 官員也在公眾對平壤日漸上升的不滿氛圍下，對北韓建造輕水反應爐表示反對。 　　另一方面，首爾最初堅稱，若要讓北韓繼續待在六邊會談的架構中，就不能 將重啟建造反應爐的可能性完全封閉。但今年七月，南韓卻曾經提議單方面提供 北韓二百萬千瓦的電力，這提議形同放棄 KEDO 方案的架構。 　　南韓是 KEDO 最大經費來源，每年提供該方案總經費需求 46 億美元（約 5060 億日圓）的百分之七十。若 KEDO 方案被終止，如何收回這筆基金對南韓 將是一個重大政治問題。 　　據消息來源指出，目前的焦點是首爾是否正式接受終止 KEDO 方案的提議， 以及身為 KEDO 成員之一的歐盟會對這些變化有何反應。 全文譯自英文版朝日新聞，網址： http://www.asahi.com/english/Herald-asahi/TKY200510120145.html －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ KEDO program for North in doubt 10/12/2005 The Asahi Shimbun Japan, the United States and South Korea are moving toward abandoning construction of light-water nuclear reactors for North Korea by the Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization (KEDO), government sources said. The move comes after Seoul, which had initially opposed ending the program, changed its course and offered electricity to the North. A joint statement issued after the September six-party talks held in Beijing included Pyongyang's pledge to abandon its nuclear ambitions. The statement also touched on the possibility of a new offer of light-water reactors. The KEDO program started in 1997, based on an agreement reached in 1994, but construction of the reactors was suspended in 2002 after North Korea's uranium-enrichment program surfaced. Participating nations of KEDO are to decide by the end of November whether to extend the suspension period or terminate the entire construction program. Representatives of the Japanese and U.S. governments contended at an unofficial meeting of KEDO officials in New York at the end of September that construction should be canceled, sources said. Seoul did not express opposition to theproposal. The Bush administration has been critical of the KEDO program, which was initiated under former President Bill Clinton. In Japan, too, some officials are against paying for light-water reactor construction amid growing public resentment toward Pyongyang. On the other hand, Seoul initially insisted that the possibility of resuming construction of the reactors be left open so that North Korea would stay within the framework of the six-nation talks. But in July, South Korea proposed supplying 2 million kilowatts of electricity to the North, effectively giving up on the KEDO project. South Korea is the largest financial contributor to KEDO and was to shoulder around 70 percent of the total $4.6 billion (506 billion yen) for the program. If construction is abandoned, retrieving the funds could become a big political problem in South Korea. The focus is now on whether Seoul will formally accept the termination of theprogram and how the EU, a KEDO member, would react to the move, sources said.(IHT/Asahi: October 12,2005) --

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