Studies in restaurants show that the tips left by customers who pay their bill in cash tend to be larger when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo. 事實：餐廳付現金顧客，帳單盤上面有信用卡LOGO的，會付比較多小費 Consumer psychologists hypothesize that simply seeing a credit-card logo makes many credit-card holders willing to spend more because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available. 詮釋/假說：看到LOGO --> 讓有信用卡的人想起"其實我可以預借現金"(誤) 可花的錢比手上有的現金還要多(正) Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the psychologists' interpretation of the studies? 選支持該詮釋的 (A) The effect noted in the studies is not limited to patrons who have credit cards. 詮釋講的是有信用卡的，A選項說這個效應對沒有信用卡的人也成立 對該詮釋有削弱作用，因為這個選項引申出有信用卡之外的原因使得顧客多付小費 (B) Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo. 正解(請參閱前文) (C) In virtually all of the cases in the studies, the patrons who paid bills in cash did not possess credit cards. 幾乎所有研究裡面付現金的顧客都沒有信用卡，也就是說詮釋裡面所假想的客群 根本不存在(有信用卡卻付現金)，一樣削弱 (D) In general, restaurant patrons who pay their bills in cash leave larger tips than do those who pay by credit card. 無關選項。付現金的顧客通常比信用卡顧客付更多小費 但該假說是要解釋 "看到信用卡LOGO" --> "付較多小費" 之間的連結 完全沒提到LOGO (E) The percentage of restaurant bills paid with given brand of credit card increases when that credit card's logo is displayed on the tray with which the bill is prepared. 無關選項。上面出現A信用卡的LOGO，餐廳使用A信用卡結帳的比例就會變高。 跟信用卡種類無關，另外也沒提到小費多寡 --

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