讓人誤解的閱讀的反駁觀念 大家好，我是字神帝國的康老師~ 昨晚閱讀課中，問了同學們：John counters that… 這句子，John是支持還是反對that名詞子句的內容。 幾乎所有同學一致回答：反對。 不過， 真正的答案是：支持。 這的確是很重要的觀念，因為閱讀邏輯複雜， 不論是原文或選項的支持或反駁觀點， 常常是考點，我們是絕對要弄清楚的。 我們來好好研究並學會這個點吧。 以牛津字典的解釋與例子來說明 counter 反對, 反擊（某人[某事物]） respond to (sb/sth) with an opposing view, a return attack, etc 例句1： They countered our proposal with one of their own. 他們針對我們的建議提出了一項相反的建議. → counter + 一般名詞(物) 是直接反對 例句2： The minister countered his critics with a strong speech defending his policies. 這位部長慷慨陳詞為其政策辯護, 反駁批評他的人. → counter + 一般名詞(人) 還是直接反對 例句3： I pointed out the shortcomings of the scheme, but he countered that the plans were not yet finished. 我指出那方案的缺點, 但他申辯說各項計劃尚未完成. → counter + that子句 是用that子句內容，來反駁上文 → 所以John counters that… 。that子句內容是John想說的內容，所以可以說是就是 支持。 再來舉個閱讀真題例子： Since the 1980s, experts have been claiming that the skill demands of today’ s jobs have outstripped the skills workers possess. Moss and Tilly counter that worker deficiencies lie less in job-specific skills than in such attributes as motivation, interpersonal skills, and appropriate work demeanor. 所以這句中：Moss and Tilly 內心要說的是that的句子內容：(小心不是反對that子句內 容) 勞工缺的是一些attributes特質，而非像上句experts 所宣稱的是缺乏skills。 再來作一道題： 1. The passage suggests that Moss and Tilly are most likely to disagree with the “experts” (line 1) about which of the following? A Whether the skills demanded by jobs in the labor market have changed since the 1980s B Whether employers think that job-specific skills are as important as such attributes as motivation and appropriate work demeanor C Whether workers in today’s labor market generally live up to (達到) the standards and expectations of employers D Whether adequate numbers of workers in the labor market possess the particular skills demanded by various different jobs E Whether most workers are motivated to acquire new skills that are demanded by the labor market 解答：照剛剛原文所說的Moss and Tilly覺得勞工缺的是一些attributes特質，而非像上 句experts 所宣稱的是缺乏skills。所以就是往skills 點去找答案。 A 不對：不是所需的技巧改變了。 B 不對：experts 跟本沒提到attributes。所以不會被人反對這個點。 C 不對：跟本沒說到skills。 D 正解：就是experts所說的：是否有夠多的勞工擁有所需的技術。 E 不對：experts 跟本沒提到motivated to。所以不會被人反對這個點。 檔案下載處：https://goo.gl/0ys0Gt -- TOEFL學習團 托福JJ情報資源、問題探討、考試情報交流 https://goo.gl/yr0NPS GMAT學習團 每月GMAT數學、閱讀、邏輯機經整理、問題探討、考試情報交流 https://goo.gl/GYbTNs --

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