ScienceDaily (May 19, 2010) — New research shows a possible explanation for the link between mental health and creativity. By studying receptors in the brain, researchers at Karolinska Institutet have managed to show that the dopamine system in healthy, highly creative people is similar in some respects to that seen in people with schizophrenia. 卡洛琳斯卡學院發現，通過量測多巴胺的受器，高創造力的正常人和精神分裂病患有相 似的表現。 High creative skills have been shown to be somewhat more common in people who have mental illness in the family. Creativity is also linked to a slightly higher risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Certain psychological traits, such as the ability to make unusual pr bizarre associations are also shared by schizophrenics and healthy, highly creative people. And now the correlation between creativity and mental health has scientific backing. 以前就知道一些精神疾病患者有著高的創造力，而高創造力也和患精神分裂的風險相關。 現在這些關聯有了背後的依據。 "We have studied the brain and the dopamine D2 receptors, and have shown that the dopamine system of healthy, highly creative people is similar to that found in people with schizophrenia," says associate professor Fredrik Ullén from Karolinska Institutet's Department of Women's and Children's Health, co-author of the study that appears in the journal PLoS ONE. 這篇論文發表在Plos ONE，研究多巴胺的D2受器，得到上述的結果。 Just which brain mechanisms are responsible for this correlation is still something of a mystery, but Dr Ullén conjectures that the function of systems in the brain that use dopamine is significant; for example, studies have shown that dopamine receptor genes are linked to ability for divergent thought. Dr Ullén's study measured the creativity of healthy individuals using divergent psychological tests, in which the task was to find many different solutions to a problem. 在這篇論文以前，這關係還保有著神秘而不為人知，現在發現多巴胺的重要角色。之前 多巴胺就被認為與發散性思考有關。Dr Ullén利用發散性的心理測驗來量測創造力。 （找出對於一個問題有多少種解決方法。） "The study shows that highly creative people who did well on the divergent tests had a lower density of D2 receptors in the thalamus than less creative people," says Dr Ullén. "Schizophrenics are also known to have low D2 density in this part of the brain, suggesting a cause of the link between mental illness and creativity." 高創造力者在發散性測試中都表現良好，在視丘也有密度較低的D2多巴胺受器。也因此懷 疑精神疾病與創造立的關係。 The thalamus serves as a kind of relay centre, filtering information before it reaches areas of the cortex, which is responsible, amongst other things, for cognition and reasoning. 視丘像是中繼站，過濾從皮質來的資訊，負責各方面的認知活動。 "Fewer D2 receptors in the thalamus probably means a lower degree of signal filtering, and thus a higher flow of information from the thalamus," says Dr Ullén, and explains that this could a possible mechanism behind the ability of healthy highly creative people to see numerous uncommon connections in a problem-solving situation and the bizarre associations found in the mentally ill. 在視丘的比較少的D2受器，可能表示低程度的資訊過濾，因此可以傳遞較多的訊息。 Dr Ullén認為這是為什麼高創造力的人可以有那麼多鬼點子也而與精神疾病有關。 "Thinking outside the box might be facilitated by having a somewhat less intact box," says Dr Ullén about his new findings. -- 有點亂翻，有錯請指正，順便最後一句不太懂如何翻 xD 不過這研究真的蠻有趣的，只是不知道怎麼用於治療精神分裂或增加創造力。 弄不好變成沒創造力又精神分裂就糟了 0rz 原網址： http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/05/100518064610.htm --

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