http://goo.gl/qKvp27 Sciences News 11:44am, March 19, 2014 Early Polynesians didn't go to Americas, chicken DNA hints 早期的玻里尼西亞人並沒有到達美洲，根據雞的DNA檢測 Ancient Polynesians probably didn’t reach the shores of South America, an analysis of ancient chicken DNA from islands dotting the Pacific suggests. 古時的玻里尼西亞人也許沒有抵達南美洲的海岸，一項對太平洋島嶼上古時的雞DNA檢測 顯示出這個結果。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Between about 3,400 and 700 years ago, Polynesians settled the islands of the Pacific, carrying plants and food animals with them. Researchers have used DNA from pigs, chickens and rats to help trace the people’s island-hopping path. 在距今三千四百年前到七百年前這段時間裡，玻里尼西亞人在太平洋的各島嶼上擴散、定 居，同時也帶著農作與糧食用動物。研究者曾利用豬、雞、老鼠的 DNA 來追溯這些人當時 跳島移動的路徑。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ One study of chicken DNA had suggested that Polynesians reached South America sometime before Columbus. Now Vicki Thomson of the University of Adelaide in Australia and colleagues question that report. Contamination of ancient DNA samples with modern chicken DNA misled the researchers, Thomson’s group reports March 17 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 以前一項針對雞 DNA 的研究曾經顯示，玻里尼西亞人在哥倫布之前就抵達了南美洲。 而現在，來自澳洲阿德雷德大學的 Vicki Thomson 與他的同伴對此表示懷疑，Thomson 的 團隊在17日於 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 發表的報告中表示， 那個以前的研究，早期的 DNA 樣本被現代雞的 DNA 給污染了，誤導了研究人員。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ The team studied maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA from 22 ancient chicken bones and 122 modern chickens’ feathers, collected from islands in the Pacific and Southeast Asia. They also cleaned up ancient chicken samples used in the earlier study and found that the Pacific island samples aren’t the type found in South America. That finding suggests that Polynesians’ journeys did not take them to the Americas. Thomson 的團隊研究了來自太平洋各島嶼及東南亞的22支古代雞骨與122個支現代雞羽毛中 的粒線體DNA，他們也清理了以前研究的樣本，結果發現這些太平洋島嶼的雞 DNA 樣本， 與南美洲的類型不同。此發現可能顯示玻里尼西亞人的旅程並沒有到達南美洲。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ The analysis also revealed that some ancient chicken breeds are still alive on remote Pacific islands, such as Marquesas, Vanuatu and the Santa Cruz and Solomon islands. 這項分析也顯示出，現在仍然有一些古老品種的雞隻生活在偏遠的太平洋島嶼上， 例如 馬克薩斯群島、萬那杜、聖克魯斯群島與所羅門群島。 --

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