嗯嗯，前阵子我在版上看到AAMR改名的讯息（虽然跟其他人比起来晚了点) 因为时间的关系，一直没能好好查询这方面的资料，所以最近把之前大家提出的原文 翻译了一下，希望能跟大家交流，如果有翻得不好的地方，还请大家不要鞭我XD 最後小弟我会提出一点小小的疑问，或许版上有人可以为我解答我小小的困惑，谢谢! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- World's Oldest Organization on Intellectual Disability Has a Progressive New Name 世界上最古老的智力伤残(缺陷)组织有一个新名字 AAMR's name change draws applause from professional community and people living with a developmental disability 专业的大众和人们为AAMR改名而喝采 第一段 Washington, DC (November 2, 2006)-The American Association on Mental Retardation (AAMR), a 130-year old association representing developmental disability professionals worldwide, has changed its name to the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD), establishing a new standard in disability terminology and making way for a more socially-acceptable way of addressing people with intellectual disabilities. The AAIDD is arguably best-known for officially defining the condition of mental retardation for the world, and its successful advocacy in abolishing the death penalty for victims with this condition in the United States. The name change will take effect January 1, 2007. 2006年11月2日於华盛顿特区，AAMR，一个130年的老协会，它是全世界发展障 碍的龙头代表，已经将它们的名字改为智力和发展伤残协会（简称AAIDD），AAIDD比起官 方定义的MR来讲，可以说是更适合全世界知道，而且它在美国成功的主张减少了许多为此 受到处罚的牺牲者。这个名字将会在2007年1月1日带来影响。 第二段 "This new name is an idea whose time has come," says Doreen Croser, Executive Director of AAIDD. "Individuals with disabilities and family members do not like the term 'mental retardation' and their advocacy is encouraging political and social change at national, state, and local levels. Our members demanded that we keep up with times and they voted for this name change." AAIDD members consist of faculty members, researchers, and service professionals working with people with intellectual disabilities in settings such as group homes, institutions, schools, hospitals, private clinics, colleges, and university centers. AAIDD的主管，Dorren Croser说这个新名字的理念已经到来了。因为有着伤残或缺陷的个 人和家庭不喜欢MR（智力发展迟缓）这个说法，而且它们的主张鼓励了政治和社会层面的 改变。我们的成员要求我们不要跟不上时代的脚步，所以他们投票支持这个新的名字。 AAIDD的成员组成是由一群有才能的会员、研究者和为智力伤残人士做服务的人，好比像 家庭团体、机构、学校、医院、私人诊所、大专院校和大学中心等。 第三段 The name of the AAIDD has been an ongoing source of contention in the disability community. While it is widely perceived that mental retardation (MR) is a condition that exists, it was also recognized that the term is prone to abuse, misinterpretation, and has devolved into an insult, especially for people with disabilities and family members. Further, the name AAMR was perceived as not in keeping with the progressive orientation of the information, products, and services offered by the Association. AAIDD这个名字已经持续成为大家争论的焦点，当MR这个名字的存在情势广泛的被了解时 ，同时也被知道说这个说法有滥用的倾向，造成人们的错误解释，进而转变为一种侮辱， 尤其是对有着伤残的人和其家庭成员来说。此外这个名字无法表达出「积极对新环境适应 」的想法，这种协会想提供的资讯、结果和服务。 第四段 The applause from the community of people with disability was unanimous once the name change was announced. "In taking 'MR' out of your name, you've set a precedent for it to be taken out of the classrooms, the doctors' offices, personal case records, and eventually out of the vocabulary of people walking down the street," says Amy Walker of Illinois Voices, a group working on behalf of people with intellectual disabilities. 自从更改名字的决议被宣布起，有着伤残的大众人民无异议的鼓掌叫好。一个来自伊利诺 州的团体说（它们的工作是为智力伤残的人增进行为能力）：把MR这个字从名称取代出来 ，已经开了一个先例，这个先例将会使MR这个名字从教室、医生的办公室、个人的事件记 录，到最後甚至会从人们的平常对话中剔除。 第五段 Hank Bersani, current President of AAIDD explains, "Intellectual disability is a more accurate and modern term, and is also in keeping with terminology in Europe and Canada. We want to move away from any use of the word 'retardation,' while still allowing educators and other professionals to accurately describe the needs of the people they serve. Further, with the new name, we are reminding our members and the public that our mission has long included people with various developmental disabilities." Most members of AAIDD work closely with people with developmental disabilities since conditions such as autism and Down syndrome often co-exist with an intellectual disability. Hank Bersani，现任的AAIDD主席解释着：「智力伤残是一个更正确和更现代的说法，而 且它也一直持续是欧洲和加拿大的用词。我们想要将「智力发展迟缓」这个词从词汇中移 除，因为教育工作者和其他的专业人士仍用它称呼它们服务的智力伤残对象。此外，有了 这个新名字，我们也提醒我们的成员和大众，我们的任务包括了各种不同的发展伤残。大 多数为AAIDD工作的人们，在他们接近发展伤残的人时，发现一种情形，例如自闭症和唐 氏症（道恩氏症）经常有着共存的智力缺陷特徵。 第六段 Despite the new name, the core mission of the Association still remains the same-to promote progressive policies, sound research, effective practices, and universal rights for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The AAIDD has changed its name four times since its inception is 1876. The Association last changed its name in 1987 to the American Association on Mental Retardation. 虽然有了这个新名字，但是协会的核心任务仍是继续的促进积极进步的政策，进行可靠的 研究，然後有效的实行，以及为智力和发展伤残的人谋求权力。AAIDD自从1876年开始已 经改变它们的名字四次。上一次改变它们的名字要追溯自1987年，改成美国智能发展迟缓 协会。 第七段 Apart from its definition and advocacy work, the AAIDD is well-known for its journals, the American Journal on Mental Retardation and Mental Retardation. In recent times, the Association has received critical acclaim for the Supports Intensity Scale, a planning tool that empowers people with intellectual disabilities to live a desired life by getting services based on individual needs, not deficits. 此了将定义和主张更改之外，还要藉着期刊(American Journal on Mental Retardation 和Mental Retardation)让全世界知道AAIDD。在最近，我们接受到来许多对於支持强烈度 （简称SIS，是一种用来评估和规划智力伤残的支持需求）的喝采，它是一种工具，藉着 这个工具智力伤残的人可以过着他们渴望的生活，也可以得到更多的基本需求。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 感谢你看完，问题留在下一篇^^"...文章太长了 --

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