英诗选读：雪莱 「英格兰，於1819年」 "England in 1819" by Percy Bysshe Shelley An old, mad, blind, despised, and dying king,-- Princes, the dregs of their dull race, who flow Through public scorn, mud from a muddy spring,-- Rulers who neither see, nor feel, nor know, But leech-like to their fainting country cling, Till they drop, blind in blood, without a blow,-- A people starved and stabbed in the untilled field,-- An army which liberticide and prey Makes as a two-edged sword to all who wield,-- Golden and sanguine laws which tempt and slay; Religion Christless, Godless, a book sealed,-- A Senate—Time's worst statute unrepealed,-- Are graves from which a glorious Phantom may Burst to illumine our tempestuous day. 问题： 1. 请标示每个轻重音节、分析韵脚，并讨论本诗的体例。 （提示：一般而言，十四行诗有佩脱拉克式与英式两种。 本诗与两者的关系如何？请写出你判断的理由。） 2. 请列示本诗讨论的各个主体（subjects），分析诗人所运用的意像， 并尝试说明本诗的论述结构。 3. 以一句话简单总结本诗的主题。 4. 请以历史知识或政治思想，讨论本诗述者（speaker）所抱持的立场。 5. 你对其立场的意见为何？ 延伸阅读： William Wordsworth, "England 1802" -- 请听史前第一位去死团团员的怒吼： "Sight hateful, sight tormenting! thus these two Imparadis't in one anothers arms The happier Eden, shall enjoy thir fill Of bliss on bliss, while I to Hell am thrust, Where neither joy nor love, but fierce desire, ... - Paradise Lost, 4.505ff. --

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