作者esoror (烤焦面包)
看板poetry
标题残酷童语:Edward Lear
时间Thu Jan 10 20:46:07 2002
残酷童语:Edward Lear《The Book of Nonsense and Nonsense Song》
文/esoror
Lear, Edward. "The Book of Nonsense and Nonsense Song."
London: Penguin, 1996.
两年多前,我有一天在诚品发现了这本诗集,因为觉得标题挺有
趣的,便拿起来看。看了之後又觉得挺好玩的,便买了一本成了收藏。
Edward Lear,根据诗集在第一页的介绍,出生於1812年,为英国的一位
艺术家与作家,但广为流传的,是这些写给他的patron--the earl of Derby
的孙子们看的limericks。limerick中文有人翻成打油诗,也许可以取其诙谐
之意,但limerick有它固定的格律,这一点中文的打油诗也许就没有。我们
不妨先来看一首:
There was a Young Lady whose chin
Resemble the point of a pin;
So she had it made sharp,
And purchased a harp,
And play several tunes with her chin. (p.20)
这里可以很清楚的发现它是aabba的押韵格式,而诙谐之余其实还满
「优美的」--play several tunes--用下巴演奏竖琴可能很奇怪,不
过也许会有不同於手弹出来的乐音。如果有机会买到这个版本,很好
玩的就是有附插图,所以还可以看到这位尖下巴的妇人怎样弹竖琴。
我一开始看的时候,只是单纯的觉得它们很好玩,像是小孩子画图一
样,所画的眼睛大小,或是房子跟人的比例跟平常看到的不一样。然
而,前一阵子再拿出来读的时候,就觉得这些童言童语,有时也是挺
残酷的,甚至令人感到悲伤起来。就像下面这一首,
There was an Old Man of Peru,
Who watched his wife makign a stew;
But once by mistake,
In a stove she did bake
That unfortune Man of Peru. (p.57)
玩笑之余,却是一件惨剧,以一种平铺直叙的口吻来写,童言童语冷酷地
看着老人进了烤炉,却没有说什麽,似乎也像糖果屋的故事,小孩最後把
坏心眼的老婆婆(还是巫婆?)关进火炉。另外一首则是,
There was an Old Man of Berlin,
Whose form was uncommonly thin;
Till he once, by mistake,
Was mized up in a cake,
So they baked that Old Man of Berlin. (p.94)
也是很类似的,有如人肉叉烧包的变形。童言童语似乎以它的荒诞不经、
看起来像是学作押韵诗的初期,为押韵而押韵胡乱拼凑出来的诗,承载
着一幕幕血淋淋的戏码。或许是我看得太严重,因为这也很可能是某种
黑色幽默,有如《阿达一族》中的小孩们爱玩砍人头。然而下面这一首
又怎能不让人觉得语言的残酷:
There was an Old Man of Jamaica,
Who suddenly married a Quaker;
But she cried out, "Alack!
I have married a black!"
Which distressed that Old Man of Jamaica. (p.82)
然而,如果仅仅用这一篇来批判某种种族歧视的意识形态存在,似乎
又是打人打错了对象,因为语言总是自我繁衍自己的一套意义,即使作
者无心,我们都会觉得他有意。因此,当Lear笔下的童言童语自顾自的
低吟着鲜红的歌谣与送人进火炉,我们便再也分不清Lear是否也在一旁
同声唱和。胡言乱语所隐含的暴力又或许只是语言所带给人的忧伤的另
一种版本:我们的语言,总是替我们说了我们没说的那些。而在最後,
我们或许也没有什麽可说的了,那倒不如来读一首较快乐的吧。
There was an Old Man on whose nose,
Most birds of the air could repose;
But they all flew away
At the closing of day,
Which relieved that Old Man and his nose. (p.113)
不晓得这是否能让我们稍稍感到relived了呢?
10 Jan 2002
--
Life never gives us waht we want at the moment that we consider
appropriate. Adventures do occur, but not punctually.
--E.M. Foster, "A Passage to India"
--
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※ 编辑: esoror 来自: 140.115.201.29 (01/10 20:47)