http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/812153 By Niklas Pollard STOCKHOLM (Reuters) Oct 07 - Americans James Rothman and Randy Schekman and Germany's Thomas Suedhof won the 2013 Nobel medicine prize for their work on how hormones are transported within and outside cells, giving insight into diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's. 美国人James Rothman，Randy Schekman 和 德国人 Thomas Suehof 赢得2013诺贝尔 医学(药学?)奖。 他们研究出荷尔蒙如何在细胞内和细胞外传输，藉此洞察出许多的疾病，像是 糖尿病和阿滋罕默症。 Schekman discovered a set of genes that were required for vesicle traffic. Rothman unravelled protein machinery that allows vesicles to fuse with their targets to permit transfer of cargo. Suedhof revealed how signals instruct vesicles to release their cargo with precision. Schekman发现控制囊胞运输的一组基因。 Rothman合理解释了，蛋白质藉由囊泡运送的机制，将其内容物以囊泡融合的方式传送。 Suedhof精确地了解，释放内容物之讯号 是如何传递给囊泡的。 Rothman is professor at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, Schekman is a professor at the University of California at Berkeley, and Suedhof is a professor at California's Stanford University. The Nobel Committee said the work of the three scientists had great implications for neurological conditions as well as conditions affecting key organs. 诺贝尔委员会评审们认为，这三位科学家在神经学上 以及 影响器官中关键的状态 上， 有卓越的影响力。 "Without this wonderfully precise organization, the cell would lapse into chaos," the Nobel Assembly at Sweden's Karolinska Institute said in a statement when awarding the prize of 8 million crowns ($1.2 million). 「没有这些完美精准的器官，细胞可能会一团糟」 在Sweden's Karolinska机构中，当诺贝尔奖得主们拿到了1.2百万美金後所说。 "Through their discoveries, Rothman, Schekman and Suedhof have revealed the exquisitely precise control system for the transport and delivery of cellular cargo," the committee said. 经由他们的发现，Rothman、Schekman和Suehof揭示出，细胞运输极为细致准确的控制 系统。 For example, their research sheds light on how insulin is manufactured and released into the blood at the right place at the right time, the Nobel committee said. 诺贝尔委员会评审说： 「举例来说，他们的研究解开了如何在正确的地点 和 在精确的时间上 将胰岛素分泌在血液之中。」 "These beautiful discoveries have importance for the understanding of the human body and obviously implications for diseases in various organs such as the nervous system, diabetes and immune disorders," Jan-Inge Henter, professor of clinical child oncology at the Karolinska Institute, said at a news conference. Karolinska机构临床肿瘤小儿科教授 Jan-Inge Henter 谈关於这个新研讨会： 「这些完美的发现，对於了解人类身体和各种不同器官疾病的治疗，是非常重要的。 像是神经系统，糖尿病和免疫疾病。」 From left to right: James Rothman, Randy Schekman, and Thomas Suedhof. Courtesy of Yale University, James Kegley/Wikimedia, and Steve Fisch/Stanford University School of Medicine Their work centered on the vesicle system by which cells take up nutrients, move substances around and release chemicals like hormones and growth factors. 他们研究重心放在囊泡系统，这些细胞是如何吸收、移动这些营养物质，并释放出化学 物质像是荷尔蒙和生长因子。 "There are many organs where this is important," said Henter. Henter说道：「有许多的器官是非常重要的」 "For quite some time, it's been known that this is important in the signaling between neurons, that is nerve cells. We have billions of nerve cells and they have to communicate with each other and they do so with this vesicle transport system," Henter explained. 「在某些时刻，我们了解神经细胞在神经元间的讯息传送，是非常重要的。我们有数十亿 个神经细胞，他们介由囊泡传递系统，彼此之间相互联系。」 "Now, we've realized that this is also important in for instance diabetes, because we know that insulin is released by these vesicles and we know that the immune system is regulated also by this vesicle transport mechanism," Henter added. Henter补充： 「现在，我们了解了这种机制，对糖尿病也是一样的重要。因为我们了解胰岛素的释放 方式是藉由囊泡系统，而且我们也了解了免疫系统同样也是藉由囊泡系统。」 Medicine is the first of the Nobel prizes awarded each year. Prizes for achievements in science, literature and peace were first awarded in 1901 in accordance with the will of dynamite inventor and businessman Alfred Nobel. 每年都首先公布诺贝尔医学奖。 依据1901年起，炸药发明者，同时也是商人的诺贝之遗愿， 诺贝尔的奖项包括科学成就、文学成就与和平。 ===以上文章自翻，练练英文，有误请指正，感想如下=== 昨晚看到宝杰哥他们谈到这议题，西屏的比喻很妙啊! 全世界最快最准时的快捷公司，就是人类的身体。 糖尿病就像是客户，快捷公司把货品送到你家，你客人就拒收。 而这次的诺贝尔得主，一个找到快捷公司是谁，一个找到货运司机，一个找到 货运司机怎麽把货物交到客户手上。 既然明白了机制，皆下来药厂的科学家/药师 假如能发明出新药的话， 糖尿病和阿滋罕默症就容易治"癒"了。 最近好像新闻都是在吵斗争，诺贝尔奖好像很少提到 xD 分享给大家 :D 10/08的关键时刻应该下周就会流出到youtube上吧~ 大家可以看看 --

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